Integrating Universal Healthcare in Early Childhood Education for Sustainable Community Development (IHSD)

Dr. Benson Charles Odongo Okongo

Authors

Dr. Benson Charles Odongo Okongo

Keywords:

child development; nurturance; healthcare; universal; early childhood education

Abstract

The early years of life are crucial to establishing a sound foundation for cognitive, social, emotional and physical development for the rest of children's lives. Universal health coverage and nurturing care framework policies ensure holistic child care, however, many children in Siaya County seem to lack holistically child care in their education as we spend our energies on treatment rather than prevention services which are more cost effective. The major question this study sought to respond to was "How do preschools integrate universal health care services in early childhood education? This is an action research design utilizing both quantitative and qualitative tools of data collection and is informed by humanizing child development theory as proposed by Eugene M. De Robertis, 2008.The participants for this project included 1400 preschool teachers. Instruments of data collection included questionnaires for pre-school teachers, interview schedule for teachers and document analysis of curriculum, teacher preparation materials, and health care records. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data utilized thematic analysis approach.

Downloads

How to Cite

Integrating Universal Healthcare in Early Childhood Education for Sustainable Community Development (IHSD). (2019). Global Journal of Human-Social Science, 19(H8), 11-16. https://socialscienceresearch.org/index.php/GJHSS/article/view/3030

Download Citation

References

Marcella Alsan, Lena Schoemaker, Karen Eggleston, Nagamani Kammili, Prasanthi Kolli, Jay Bhattacharya (2016) Out-of-pocket health expenditures and antimicrobial resistance in low-income and middle-income countries: an economic analysis. 15(10), 1203-1210.

L Berk, W Roberts (2009) ON: Pearson Allyn and Bacon Diversity in early care and education: Honoring differences.

Maureen Black, Susan Walker, Lia Fernald, Christopher Andersen, Ann Digirolamo, Chunling Lu, Dana Mccoy, Günther Fink, Yusra Shawar, Jeremy Shiffman, Amanda Devercelli, Quentin Wodon, Emily Vargas-Barón, Sally Grantham-Mcgregor (2017) Early childhood development coming of age: science through the life course. 389(10064), 77-90.

Clancy Blair (2002) School readiness: Integrating cognition and emotion in a neurobiological conceptualization of children's functioning at school entry.. 57(2), 111-127.

N Bristol (2014) Global action toward universal health coverage.

Pia Britto, Stephen Lye, Kerrie Proulx, Aisha Yousafzai, Stephen Matthews, Tyler Vaivada, Rafael Perez-Escamilla, Nirmala Rao, Patrick Ip, Lia Fernald, Harriet Macmillan, Mark Hanson, Theodore Wachs, Haogen Yao, Hirokazu Yoshikawa, Adrian Cerezo, James Leckman, Zulfiqar Bhutta (2017) Nurturing care: promoting early childhood development. 389(10064), 91-102.

M Chan (2012) Universal coverage is the ultimate expression of fairness.

M Chan (2013) Linking child survival and child development for health, equity and sustainable development. 381, 1514-1515.

F Campbell, G Conti, J Heckman (2014) Early childhood investments substantially boost adult health. 343(6178), 1478-1485.

Jane Couperus, Charles Nelson (2006) Early Brain Development and Plasticity. 85-105.

J Creswell, V Plano Clark (2008) Designing and conducting mixed methods research.

Paul Gertler, James Heckman, Rodrigo Pinto, Arianna Zanolini, Christel Vermeersch, Susan Walker, Susan Chang, Sally Grantham-Mcgregor (2014) Labor market returns to an early childhood stimulation intervention in Jamaica. 344(6187), 998-1001.

Mary Young (2007) Converting the Science of Early Human Development into Action: Closing the Gap between What We Know and What We Do. 133-147.

Dean Jamison, Lawrence Summers, George Alleyne, Kenneth Arrow, Seth Berkley, Agnes Binagwaho, Flavia Bustreo, David Evans, Richard Feachem, Julio Frenk, Gargee Ghosh, Sue Goldie, Yan Guo, Sanjeev Gupta, Richard Horton, Margaret Kruk, Adel Mahmoud, Linah Mohohlo, Mthuli Ncube, Ariel Pablos-Mendez, K Reddy, Helen Saxenian, Agnes Soucat, Karen Ulltveit-Moe, Gavin Yamey (2013) Global health 2035: a world converging within a generation. 382(9908), 1898-1955.

C Kothari (2011) Research Methodology. Methods and Techniques.

C Kothari, G Guarav (2015) Research Methods: Q Methodology. 16, 1-4.

J Kutzin, S Sparkes (2016) Health systems strengthening, universal health coverage, health security and resilience. 94(2).

(2013) Toward Universal Learning: What Every Child Should Learn. (Learning Metrics Task Force Report; 1).

J Lucas, L Richter, B Daelmans (2018) Care for Child Development: an intervention in support of responsive caregiving and early child development. 44(1), 41-49.

M Mccain, J Mustard (1999) Is the Brain Drain Reversing?. 57, 3-5.

M Mccain, J Mustard, S Shanker (2007) Early years study 2: Putting science into action.

Martin Mckee, Dina Balabanova, Sanjay Basu, Walter Ricciardi, David Stuckler (2013) Universal Health Coverage: A Quest for All Countries But under Threat in Some. 16(1), S39-S45.

Millwood (2008) China's latest health reforms: a conversation with Chinese.

Chen Health, Zhu Interview by Tsung-Mei Cheng. 27, 1103-1110.

J Morse, L Niehaus (2009) Mixed method design: Principles and procedures.

J Mustard (2006) Experience-based brain development: Scientific underpinnings of the importance of early child development in a global world. 11(9), 571-572.

D Blaauw, C Chambers, T Chirwa, N Duba, L Gwyther, K Hofman, L London, T Masilela, N Mckerrow, O Modupe, L Moeng, V Mubaiwa, N Nematswerani, Y Ramkissoon, Y Saloojee, T Tshabalala, V Valabhjee, M Versteeg-Mojanaga, N Barsdorf, C Conco, M Distefano, R Li, K Chalkidou, R Faden, S Goldstein, K Hofman, C Krubiner, M Merritt, A Mosam, S Potgieter, A Tugendhaft (2015) Introducing an Ethics Framework for health priority-setting in South Africa on the path to universal health coverage. 112(3), 240-244.

Rosana Norman, Munkhtsetseg Byambaa, Rumna De, Alexander Butchart, James Scott, Theo Vos (2012) The Long-Term Health Consequences of Child Physical Abuse, Emotional Abuse, and Neglect: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 9(11), e1001349.

L Richter, B Daelmans, J Lombardi (2017) Investing in the foundation of sustainable development: pathways to scale up for early childhood development. 389(10064), 103-118.

Marije Stoltenborgh, Marian Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marinus Van Ijzendoorn (2013) The neglect of child neglect: a meta-analytic review of the prevalence of neglect. 48(3), 345-355.

D Stuckler, A Feigl, S Basu (2010) The political economy of universal health coverage.

Abbas Tashakkori, Charles Teddlie (2003) SAGE Handbook of Mixed Methods in Social & Behavioral Research.

(2017) The State of the World's Children 2017: Children in a digital world.

M Wolverton (2009) Research design, hypothesis testing, and sampling. 77(4), 370-382.

(2005) Dying for change: poor people's experience of health and ill-health.

Oxana Onilov, Dexin Gong, Kimberly Chriscaden, Jargalan Tsogt, Maria Melic, Rosemarie Urquico, Anna Biernat, Anna Postovoitova, Lieke Visser, Nancy Wong, Rosemarie North, Olivia Lawe-Davies (2015) Looking back, looking forward: lessons from COVID-19 communication measurement, evaluation and learning (MEL). 15(1), 01-08.

(2017) 2. 'Depression: Let's Talk' Says WHO, as Depression Tops List of Causes of Ill Health, Geneva. 4(2), 220-220.

Who (2017) Inheriting a sustainable world? Atlas on children's health and the environment.

(2016) What is universal health coverage.

A Yousafzai, P Lynch, M Gladstone (2014) Moving beyond prevalence studies: screening and interventions for children with disabilities in low-income and middle-income countries. 99(9), 840-848.