Water-Mediated Nutrients Export from the Hula Valley to Lake Kinneret: A Review

Moshe Gophen

Authors

Moshe Gophen

Keywords:

Abstract

The Lake Kinneret and its Drainage Basin ecosystems have undergone significant changes. Those ecosystem modifications include Anthropogenic and Natural processes. A comprehensive overview of data collected during 1970-2018 about relations between Lake Kinneret and its drainage basin is summarized in this paper. The data evaluation is aimed at the discovery of the dominant factors which has an impact on nutrient inputs into Lake Kinneret. The nutrient sources in the Hula Valley and their water-mediated migration towards Lake Kinneret as runoff and through subterranean preferential channels is discussed. It is suggested that the dominant mechanism of nutrient export from the Hula Valley to Lake Kinneret is mostly discharge-dependent. The long-term decline of Organic Nitrogen and Total Dissolved Phosphorus is due to Fishponds reduction and sewage removal. The nitrate migration is, therefore, precipitation capacity-dependent and significantly reduced during drought periods.

Downloads

How to Cite

Water-Mediated Nutrients Export from the Hula Valley to Lake Kinneret: A Review. (2019). Global Journal of Human-Social Science, 18(H8), 21-39. https://socialscienceresearch.org/index.php/GJHSS/article/view/2739

Download Citation

References

I Barnea Annual reports, The Hula Project. 2007-2018.

D Berger (2001) Natural Flow estimations in the Upper Jordan Drainage Basin. 16.

Y Geifman (1981) Nitrate Contribution from the Hula Peat Soil. Monitoring Systaem, Jordan District. 17.

Y Geifman, M Shaw, H Dexter, F Sarusi (1987) Kinneret Drainage Basin-Jordan and Headwaters nutrient loads research.

(null) In the Service of Israeli Occupation Palestinian Authority Security Forces: Arbitrary Arrests and Torture.

(1983) Unknown Title. 31(48), 100.

(1995) Hula Project Annual Reports.

M Gophen (2000) The Hula project: N and P dynamics in Lake Agmon and pollutants removal from the Kinneret inputs. 42(1-2), 117-122.

Moshe Gophen, Y Tsipris, M Meron, I Bar-Ilan (2001) The management of Lake Agmon Wetlands (Hula Valley, Israel). 506-509(1-3), 803-809.

Moshe Gophen (2003) Water Utilization in Semi-Arid Zone, The Hula Valley (Israel): Pollutant Removal, Agriculture and Ecotourism Management. 207-225.

Moshe Gophen, Y Tsipris, M Meron, I Bar-Ilan (2003) The management of Lake Agmon Wetlands (Hula Valley, Israel). 506-509(1-3), 803-809.

Moshe Gophen (2006) The Lake Kinneret Drainage Basin. 63, 233-236.

M Gophen, M Meron, V Orlov-Levin, Y Tsipris (2014) Seasonal and spatial distribution of N & P substances in the Hula Valley (Israel) subterranean. 4, 121-131.

Moshe Gophen (2014) Land-Use, Albedo and Air Temperature Changes in the Hula Valley (Israel) during 1946-2008. 04(04), 101-111.

Moshe Gophen (2015) Nitrogen and Phosphorus Dynamics in the Shallow Lake Agmon (Hula Valley, Israel). 05(03), 55-65.

M Gophen (2015) Management Improvement of the Agmon Wetlands System (Hula Valley, Israel) aimed at Enhancement of Bird Populations and Kinneret Protection. 5, 1-9.

Moshe Gophen (2015) The Impact of Available Nitrogen Deficiency on Long-Term Changes in the Lake Kinneret Ecosystem. 05(04), 147-157.

M Gophen, M Meron, Y Tsipris, V Orlov-Levine, M Peres (1994) Chemical, Hydrological and Climatological Properties of Lake Agmon, Hula Valley (Israel). 6.

Moshe Gophen (2016) The Impact of EL-NINO/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Fishery and Water Quality in Lake Kinneret (Israel). 06(02), 43-50.

Moshe Gophen (2016) Limnological Changes in the Lake Kinneret (Israel) Ecosystem: The Beginning and Its Significance. 06(03), 140-150.

Moshe Gophen (2016) The Hula Valley (Israel): From Nature to Anthropogenic Management, A Review. 1(7), 1-10.

Moshe Gophen (2017) Headwaters Management Constraints Within the Kinneret Ecosystem Services. 79-87.

M Gophen (2018) Climate Change and Water Loss in the Kinneret Drainage Basin. 80, 424-429.

I Levin (1970) Improvement of soils affected by high Nitrate concentrations. 20(1), 15-20.

D Markel, U Shamir (1970) Monitoring Lake Kinneret and Its Watershed: Forming the Basis for Management of a Water Supply Lake. 177-190.

M Meron, V Orlov-Levin, Y Tsipris, T Natanson, E Yasur, M Gophen (2002) Monitoring Department of Ground Water Table and Lake Agmon Water Level, Migal.

M Peres (1940) Precipitation Record, Dafna Station. 29.

M Rom (2001) Renovated Kinneret recharge and its implication on the National Water Carrier capacity. 14.