Rerouting Municipal Waste Collection in Malta: An Examination of Waste Collection Routes with Proposed New Systems using GIS Methodology
Keywords:
municipal solid waste, collection route, geographic information systems, network analyst,
Abstract
Kerbside collection of waste is not often included as part of carbon footprint analysis in view that it constitutes about 5e percent of the carbon emissions generated by the waste collection and treatment systems. However, it also represents the most expensive functional element in the entire waste management process, reaching as high as 75 percent of all costs in the total municipal solid waste (MSW) management system. Most costs relate to fuel, together with labour costs. Fuel consumption results in various pollutants, predominantly carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide, which are of major concern due to their contribution to global warming and acid rain. In Malta, transport emissions generated from the MSW collection system reach 14 percent of total emissions. This is significantly higher than the European average which generally reaches 5 percent. During the time the study was carried out, the local councils (municipalities) were left to their own devices to sketch a collection route with the result that truck drivers often outline a route simply on their experience.
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M Price (2022) Watercraft Capital S.A.: Refinancing Project Finance Transactions 1 (*) 1This case study is based on public information only. The bond prospectus for the Watercraft Capital S.A. is available at http://araomai.cat/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/Project-Castor-Prospectus_CL-low-res-4.pdf. Please read the entire disclaimer before going through the contents. (*)Disclaimer:This case was prepared by Professor Stefano Gatti (Bocconi University) and Andrea Florio (Bocconi University) as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate some of the typical issues of bond refinancing of a project finance transaction or to judge the effectiveness of credit enhancement mechanisms. This document may contain "forward-looking statements" as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements involve risks, uncertainties, and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those which are anticipated. In addition, this document has been prepared for didactical purposes only: all forward looking data, figures, and projections and all forward-looking statements included must not be considered as representative of any real situation. All valuation considerations included in this document have been developed and reported for the sole purpose of providing students with a better understanding of refinancing schemes using available public information only, and are not, to all extents, related to any confidential document produced to advise any of the companies mentioned in this document. Neither the results of the analysis, nor any other conclusion that one can reach through this document, should be considered indicative of any actual market situation, and therefore the authors decline any responsibility for improper use of the data cited in this document. The authors do not undertake any obligation to update the forward-looking statements contained or incorporated in this document to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions, or changes in other factors affecting said statements. The authors would like to thank Matteo Di Castelnuovo, Caterina Miriello Miguel Vasquez Martinez and Veronica Vecchi for valuable comments on earlier drafts of the case. The responsibility of the contents remains ours. 497-513.
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2024-06-29
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