Home Ecological Set up as the Barriers for the First- Generation Learners in the Plateau Fringe of India
Keywords:
barriers, desire, encouragement, Factor analysis, First-Generation Learners, Home ecology, Mediation model.
Abstract
Human ecology is investigated in the diverse and complicated directions as it opts to intensify not only the relationship between man and its physical environment but also the socio-economic environment. Therefore, home ecological set up as the most intriguing factor for the access and success of school education of the plateau fringe areas of India is analyzed under the backdrop of first-generation learner. Taking a sizeable number of purposive sample descriptive statistics is employed to reveal the drop out and social category of the first-generation learners. Factor analysis is adopted to glean out the dimensions of learning environment at home. Mediation model assesses the impact of poverty on parental attitude towards the educational success of their wards.
Downloads
How to Cite
References
E. Ahmetoğlu, İ. Acar (2017) PARENTS' SATISFACTION WITH THEIR CHILDREN'S EDUCATIONAL EXPERIENCES IN EARLY CHILDHOOD PERIOD. 12(6), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.11550
I. Altschul (2012) Linking socioeconomic status to academic achievement of Mexican youth through parent involvement in education. 3, 13-30.
I. M. Ademujimi (2002) Funding and academic performance of students in secondary education in Ondo State, Nigeria. 65-66.
T. E. B. Assan, W. T. Dudu, N. T. Kunene, S. Mlambo, A. Mutsvangwa, K. B. Samuel, M. Nel, L. I. Nwosu, V. Petzer, P. Rambe (2021) Quality education: The nexus of human capital development, economic growth and social justice in a South African context. https://doi.org/10.4102/aosis.2021.bk287
M P. Bacolod, J. L. Tobias (2006) Schools, school quality and achievement growth: Evidence from the Philippines. 25(6), 619-632.
M. Bandyopadhyay, R. Subrahmanian (2008) Gender Equity in Education: A Review of Trends and Factors. (18).
Z. A. Barley, A. D. Beesley (2007) Rural school success: What can we learn?. 22(1). http://www.jrre.psu.edu/articles/221.pdf
R. Berkowitz, H. Moore, R. A. Astor, R. Benbenishty (2017) A research synthesis of the associations between socioeconomic background, inequality, school climate, and academic achievement. 87(2), 425-469. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316669821
B. Berry (2005) Approaches to Regional Analysis: A Synthesis. 54, 2 - 11. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1964.tb00469.x
U. Bronfenbrenner (2013) Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives. 1-20.
U. Bronfenbrenner (1986) Ecology of the family as a context for human development: Research perspectives. 22, 723-742.
J. A. Baker, R. D. Derrer, S. M. Davis, H. E. Dinklage-Travis, D. S. Linder, M. D. Nicholson (2001) The flip side of the coin: Understanding the school's contribution to dropout and completion. 16(4), 406-426. https://doi.org/10.1521/scpq.16.4.406.19901
R. J. Barro (2013) Education and economic growth. 14(2), 301-328. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1886131
R. Basant, P. Chandra (2021) Innovation and education in India: Strategies for growth.
L. S. Beeber, K. M. Perreira, T. Schwartz (2008) Supporting the mental health of mothers raising children in poverty: how do we target them for intervention studies?. 1136, 86-100. https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1425.008
M. Agabrian (2007) Relationships between School and Family: The Adolescents' Perspective. 8.
S. Belardo, A. Candelaria (2023) Aspirations of Fisherfolk Communities on Their Children's Education in Albay, Asid, and Ragay Gulfs of Bicol, Philippines. 11, 136-155. https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2023.117009
S. Baker (2017) The Influence of Social Circumstances on "Risky" Patterns of Alcohol Consumption Among Mothers With Preschool-Aged Children in England. 52(5), 624-31.
T. L. Baker, J. Wise, G. Kelley, R. J. Skiba (2016) Identifying barriers: Creating solutions to improve family engagement. 26(2), 161-184.
R. Crosnoe, A. D. Benner (2015) Children at school. 268-304. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy407
G. Considine, G. Zappalà (2002) The influence of social and economic disadvantage in the academic performance of school students in Australia. 38(2), 129-148. https://doi.org/10.1177/144078302128756543
Census (2011) Primary Census Abstracts, Registrar General of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. http://www.censusindia.gov/
Census (2001) Primary Census Abstracts, Registrar General of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. http://www.censusindia.gov/
K. Cooper, K. Stewart (2020) Does household income affect children's out- comes? A systematic review of the evidence. 1-25.
E. J. Costello, S. N. Compton, G. Keeler, A. Angold (2003) Relationships between poverty and psychopathology: A natural experiment. 290(15), 2023-2029.
P. Dusi (2023) The family-school relationship in primary education. 12. https://doi.org/10.54195/ijpe.14109
E. Dearing, H. Kreider, S. Simpkins, H. Weiss (2006) Family Involvement in School and Low-Income Children's Literacy: Longitudinal Associations Between and Within Families. 98, 653-664. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.98.4.653
L. Doley (2018) The Impact of Home Environment Factors on Academic Achievement of Adolescents. IX(1), 137-147. https://doi.org/10.18843/rwjasc/v9i1/17
S. A. Dumais (2006) Early childhood cultural capital, parental habitus, and teachers' perceptions. 34, 83-107.
V. A. Dubey, R. Ranjan, R. Nangia (2024) Socio-economic Variables and their Effect on Education in India. 44, 162-172. https://doi.org/10.52756/ijerr.2024.v44spl.014
L. Elffers, F.J. Oort (2013) Great expectations: students' educational attitudes upon the transition to post-secondary vocational education. 16, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-012-9192-4
J. L. Epstein (1986) Parents' reactions to teacher practices of parent involvement. 86, 276-294.
J. Froiland, A. Peterson, M. Davison (2013) The long-term effects of early parent involvement and parent expectation in the USA. 34, 33-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/0143034312454361
C.B. Flora, J. L. Flora, S. Fey (2004) Rural Communities: Legacy and Change.
K. M. Fedak, A. Bernal, Z.A. Capshaw, S. Gross (2015) Applying the Bradford Hill criteria in the 21st century: how data integration has changed causal inference in molecular epidemiology. 12(1), 1-9.
A. J. Gil, A. M. Antelm-Lanzat, M. L. Cacheiro-González, E. Pérez-Navío (2018) School dropout factors: A teacher and school manager perspective. 45(5), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2018.1516632
I. M. Geeta (2001) A Psycho-social Study of First Generation Learners. http://hdl.handle.net/10603/32078
S. Ghosh, S. Sengupta (2014) Hard Realities of School Education in Rural Areas: A Profile of Balagarh Block, Hugli District, West Bengal. XX(1), 181-196.
R. Giallo, K. Treyvaud, J. Matthews, M. Kienhuis (2010) Making the Transition to School: An Evaluation of a Transition Program for Parents. 10, 1-17.
C. Goldenberg, R. Gallimore, L. Reese, H. Garnier (2001) Cause or effect? A longitudinal study of immigrant Latino parents' aspirations and expectations, and their children's school performance. 38(3), 547-582.
Government of West Bengal (2004) West Bengal Human Development Report, 2004.
I. Green-Demers, D. Pelletier (2003) Motivation, goals, and future perspectives of high school students of the Outaouais area. 1-14.
W. Grolnick, M. Slowiaczek (2008) Parents' Involvement in Children's Schooling: A Multidimensional Conceptualization and Motivational Model. 65, 237 - 252. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00747.x
P. Gwirayi, A. Shumba (2007) Students' self-concept and academic achievement in Zimbabwe: A preliminary study. 17, 119-122.
R. Hartshorne (2016) The Nature of Geography. A Critical Survey of the Current Thought in the Light of the Past.
N. E. Hill, L. C. Taylor (2004) Parent-school involvement and children's academic achievement. Pragmatics and issues. 13, 161-164.
N. E. Hill, S.A. Craft (2003) Parent-School Involvement and School Performance: Mediated Pathways Among Socioeconomically Comparable African American and Euro- American Families. 95(1), 74-83. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.95.1.74
S. Hong, H. Z. Ho (2005) Direct and indirect longitudinal effects of parental involvement on student achievement: Second-order latent growth modeling across ethnic groups. 97, 32-42. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.97.1.32
S. M. Islam, M. M. Rahman, M. S. Moonajilin, M. A. R. Chowdhury (2021) Factors contributing to school dropout among adolescents in developing countries: A systematic review. 129, 105-118.
P. Kumar, S. K. Patel, S. Debbarma, N. Saggurti (2023) Determinants of school dropouts among adolescents: Evidence from a longitudinal study in India. 18(3), e0282468. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282468
N. E. Hill, D. F. Tyson (2009) Parental involvement in middle school: a meta-analytic assessment of the strategies that promote achievement. 45(3), 740-763. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015362
J. Huisman, U. Rani, J. Smits (2010) School characteristics socio-economic status and culture as determinants of primary school enrolment in India. (10-109).
A. H. Hung, A. M. Luebbe, P. D. Flaspohler (2015) Measuring school climate: Factor analysis and relations to emotional problems, conduct problems, and victimization in middle school students. 7(2), 105-119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-014-9131-y
B. Jensen, Andrew S. (2000) Neighbourhood and Family Effects in Educational Progress. 33(1), 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8462.00133
S. Jeter (2021) Exploring the Impact of School Factors on Expectations to Complete Post Secondary Education Among Black Girls. 54, 001312452110484. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245211048429
W. Jeynes (2005) A meta-analysis of the relation of parental involvement to urban elementary school student academic achievement. 40, 237-269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085905274540
E. M. Kim, S. M. Sheridan (2015) Foundational aspects of family-school conections: Definitions, conceptual frameworks, and research needs. 1-14.
G. Kamper (2008) A profile of effective leadership in some South African high-poverty schools. 28(1), 1-18.
T. Järvinen, J. Tikkanen, P. af Ursin (2023) The Significance of Socioeconomic Background for the Educational Dispositions and Aspirations of Finnish School Leavers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8241-5_15
Lena P, Frank M. S, Elisabeth H. (2025) How socioeconomic status affects a child's education - Investigating objective and subjective factors involved in shaping educational success in Germany. 113, 101970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2025.101970
O. Lavenda (2011) Parental involvement in school: A test of Hoover-Dempsey and Sandler's model among Jewish and Arab parents in Israel. 33, 927-935. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.12.016
ET Lai, DK Schlu€ter, T. Lange (2020) Understanding pathways to inequalities in child mental health: a counterfactual mediation anal- ysis in two national birth cohorts in the UK and Denmark. 10(10), e040056.
D. Lichter, D. Graefe, J. Brown (2003) Is Marriage a Panacea? Union Formation Among Economically Disadvantaged Unwed Mothers. 50, 60-86. https://doi.org/10.1525/sp.2003.50.1.60
M. Lawson (2003) School-Family Relations In Context: Parent and Teacher Perceptions of Parent Involvement. 38, 77-133. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085902238687
Lisa L., I. Green-Demers, L. Pelletier (2006) Why Do High School Students Lack Motivation in the Classroom? Toward an Understanding of Academic amotivation and the Role of Social Support. 98(3), 567-582. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.98.3.567
R. L. Mullis, R. Rathge, A. K. Mullis (2003) Predictors of academic performance during early adolescence: A contextual view. 27(6), 541-548. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650250344000172
J. M. Muola (2010) A study of the relationship between academic achievement motivation and home environment among standard eight pupils. 5, 213-217.
M. A. Monserud, G. H., Jr Elder (2011) Household Structure and Children's Educational Attainment: A Perspective on Co-residence with Grandparents. 73(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3737.2011.00858.x
O. S. Motiram (2011) Demand or Supply for Schooling in Rural India?. (WP-2011-010).
K. Nyarko (2010) Parental home involvement: The missing link in adolescents' academic achievement. 1, 340-344.
D. Oyserman, D. Brickman, M. Rhodes (2007) Racial-ethnic identity in adolescence: Content and consequences for African American, Latina, and Latino youth. 91-114.
C.F. Oyeka (2002) An analysis of resource management in public secondary schools in Edo State.
C. Pastorelli, G. Caprara, C. Barbaranelli, J. Rola, S. Rózsa, A. Bandura (2001) The Structure of Children's Perceived Self-Efficacy: A Cross-National Study. 17, 87-97. https://doi.org/10.1027//1015-5759.17.2.87
O.S. Pitan (2012) Analysis of internal efficiency in the utilization of human resources in selected secondary schools of Oyo state, Nigeria. 3(5), 748-752.
D. Ramelow, D. Currie, R. Felder-Puig (2015) The assessment of school climate: Review and appraisal of published student-report measures. 33(8), 731-743. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282915584852
S. Reddy (2004) The Social Context of Elementary Education in Rural India. http://scripts.mit.edu/~varun_ag/readinggroup/images/1/1/Social_context_of_elementary_education.pdf
R Richardson, E. Skinner (2006) Helping First-Generation Minority Students Achieve Degrees. 1992, 29 - 43. https://doi.org/10.1002/cc.36819928005
J. S. Renzulli, S. Park (2004) Gifted Dropouts: The Who and the Why. 117-137.
S Rienks, J Phillips, J McCrae, K Bender, S Brown (2017) Complex health concerns among child welfare populations and the benefit of pediatric medical homes. 65, 212-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.01.021
C. Robinson, B. Mandleco, F. Olsen, C. Hart (2001) The parenting styles and dimensions questionnaire (PSDQ). 3, 319-321.
R. W. Rumberger, S. Rotermund (2012) The relationship between engagement and high school dropout. 491-513. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2018-7_24
S. R. Sy, S. J. Rowley, J. E. Schulenberg (2005) Predictors of parent involvement across contexts in Asian American and European American families. 38(1), 1-29.
A Spokane, E Meir, M Catalano (2000) Person-Environment Congruence and Holland's Theory: A Review and Reconsideration. 57, 137-187. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2000.1771
S. Sengupta, S. Ghosh (2011) The Societal Momentum of Access and Success of Schooling at Puncha Block of Purulia District, West Bengal. 1(2).
W. Sudla, S. Wongwanich, K. Sriklaub (2020) Development of a School Climate Sclae Based on School Members' Shared Experiences. 15(1), 52-72. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/338984319
K Shaff, N Wolfinger, L Jones, K Smith (2008) Family structure transitions and child achievement. 28, 681-704. https://doi.org/10.1080/02732170802342966
F. Shams, A.R. Mooghali, F. Tabebordbar, N. Soleimanpour (2011) The mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relationship between personality traits and mathematics performance. 29, 1689-1692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.413
M. Schneider (2002) Do school facilities affect academic outcome: National clearing house for Educational facilities, survey of Chicago teachers.
E. Sheppard (2002) The Spaces and Times of Globalization: Place, Scale, Networks, and Positionality. 78(3), 307-330. https://doi.org/10.2307/4140812
S. Scaglioni, V. De Cosmi, V. Ciappolino, F. Parazzini, P. Brambilla, C. Agostoni (2018) Factors Influencing Children's Eating Behaviours. 10, 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10060706
A Stein, R. M. Pearson, S.H. Goodman (2014) Effects of perinatal mental disorders on the fetus and child. 384(9956), 1800-19.
L.L Stone, R Otten, R.C Engels, A.A Vermulst, J.M Janssens (2010) Psycho- metric properties of the parent and teacher versions of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire for 4-to 12-year-olds: a review. 13(3), 254-74.
S. Vaz, R. Parsons, T. Falkmer, A. Passmore, M. Falkmer (2014) The impact of personal background and school contextual factors on academic competence and mental health functioning across the primarysecondary school transition. 9(3(e89874)), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089874
I. Van der Veen, T. Peetsma (2006) Parents' expectations and the development in motivation for school of migrant and Dutch background students in the lowest level of secondary school in the Netherlands.
S. Wise (2003) Family structure, child outcomes and environmental mediators: An overview of the Development in Diverse Families Study. (30).
M. T. Wang, J. L. Degol (2016) School climate: A review of the construct, measurement, and impact on student outcomes. 28(2), 315-352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-015-93191
W. N. Welsh (2000) The effects of school climate on school disorder. 567(1), 88-107. https://doi.org/10.1177/000271620056700107
World Bank Group (2012) West Bengal: Poverty, Growth and Inequality. http://www.119344-BRI-P157572-West-Bengal-Poverty.pdf/
M. Zhan (2005) Assets, parental expectations and involvement, and children's educational performance. 28, 961-975.
Published
2026-09-24
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Authors and Global Journals Private Limited

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.