@incollection{,
	
					
					
					0190A981CE745271A3E3D00A189AE48F
				,
	author={{Dr. BarrYounker} and {Auburn University at Montgomery}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}},
	journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}1341326
}

@book{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{Government effectiveness and homicides}}
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	author={{
			OAzfar
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			,
	year={2005}
		
	

}

@incollection{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{Government effectiveness, crime rates and crime reporting}}
		,
	author={{
			OAzfar
		} and {
			TGurgur
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}

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	author={{
			AAlesina
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			ADevleeschauwer
		} and {
			WEasterly
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			SKurlat
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			RWacziarg
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			8
			
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}

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	title={{Violence and crime in cross-national perspective}}
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			RGartner
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}

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	title={{Homicide and the death penalty: A cross-national test of a deterrence hypothesis}}
		,
	author={{
			DArcher
		} and {
			RGartner
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}

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			WRAvison
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			PLLoring
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}

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		,
	title={{Crime rates and expected sanctions: The economics of deterrence revisited}}
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			OBar-Gill
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			AHarel
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			30
			
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}

@book{b7,
	
	
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	title={{The costs of inequality: Metropolitan structure and violent crime}}
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			JRBlau
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}

@incollection{b8,
	
	
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			JBraithwaite
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	year={1989}
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@incollection{b10,
	
	
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	title={{The effect of income inequality and social democracy on homicide}}
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	author={{
			JBraithwaite
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}

@incollection{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{Sex-and agespecific relations between economic development, economic inequality and homicide rates in people aged 0-24 years: A cross-sectional analysis}}
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			AButchart
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			KEngstrom
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}

@incollection{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{Economic inequality, legitimacy, and cross-national homicide rates}}
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	author={{
			MBChamlin
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			10
			
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}

@book{b13,
	
	
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	title={{Medical resources and national homicide rates: A cross-national assessment}}
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			DChon
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	year={2002}
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}

@incollection{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{The impact of population heterogeneity and income inequality on homicide rates: A cross-national assessment}}
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			DSChon
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			56
			
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}

@incollection{b15,
	
	
		,
	title={{Execution and deterrence: A quasi-controlled group experiment}}
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			DOCloninger
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}

@incollection{b16,
	
	
		,
	title={{Homicide rates in a cross-section of countries: Evidence and interpretations}}
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			JHCole
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			35
			
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}

@incollection{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{Research in criminal deterrence: Laying the groundwork for the second decade}}
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			PCook
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			2
			
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}

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		,
	title={{Does capital punishment have a deterrent effect? New evidence from post moratorium panel data}}
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			PHRubin
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			5
			
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}

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}

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		,
	title={{The victims of homicide: A temporal and cross-national comparison}}
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@incollection{b21,
	
	
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}

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		}}
	
	
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			32
			
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}

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}

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	title={{The effects of the police on crime: A second look}}
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}

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		,
	title={{Democracy, values, and violence: Paradoxes, tensions, and comparative advantages of liberal inclusion}}
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			SKarstedt
		}}
	
	
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			605
			
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}

@book{b26,
	
	
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	author={{
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		} and {
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		} and {
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		}}
		
		
		
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}

@incollection{b27,
	
	
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		,
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			3
			
		
	

}

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		} and {
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		} and {
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		}}
		
		
		
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}

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		} and {
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		} and {
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}

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			Governance: AGrowth
		} and {
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}

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			The World Bank Development Research Group
		
	

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}

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}

@incollection{b38,
	
	
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		,
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}

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			GLafree
		}}
		
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}

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		,
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	author={{
			GLafree
		}}
	
	
		,
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			46
			
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	year={2005. 1965 to 2000}
		
	

}

@book{b41,
	
	
		,
	title={{Counting homicide booms among nations: Evidence for homicide victimization rates}}
		,
	author={{
			GLafree
		} and {
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		}}
		
		
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	year={2002. 1956 to 1998}
		
	

}

@incollection{b42,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Criminology}}
		
			40
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b43,
	
	
		,
	title={{Political structure, economic inequality, and homicide: A cross-national analysis}}
		,
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			MRLee
		} and {
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}

@incollection{b44,
	
	
		,
	title={{Social isolation and lethal violence across the metro/ nonmetro divide: The effects of socioeconomic disadvantage and poverty concentration on homicide}}
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	author={{
			MRLee
		} and {
			MOMaume
		} and {
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		}}
		
		
	
	
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			68
			
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}

@incollection{b45,
	
	
		,
	title={{The effect of prison population size on crime rates: Evidence from prison overcrowding litigation}}
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			SDLevitt
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}

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		,
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			SDLevitt
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		,
	journal={{The American Economic Review}}
		
			87
			
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}

@incollection{b47,
	
	
		,
	title={{The police, crime, and economic theory: An assessment}}
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			CLoftin
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}

@book{b48,
	
	
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		}}
		
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}

@incollection{b50,
	
	
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		,
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		,
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}

@incollection{b52,
	
	
		,
	title={{Economic discrimination and societal homicide rates: Further evidence on the cost of inequality}}
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	author={{
			LMcdonald
		} and {
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			54
			
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}

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		,
	title={{Reassessing the cross-national relationship between income inequality and homicide rates: Implications of data quality control in the measurement of income distribution}}
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	author={{
			SFMessner
		} and {
			LERaffalovich
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}

@incollection{b54,
	
	
		,
	title={{Contextual effects in models of criminal victimization}}
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			TDMiethe
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}

@incollection{b55,
	
	
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	title={{Getting off death row: Commuted sentences and the deterrent effect of capital punishment}}
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			HNMocan
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	journal={{Journal of Law and Econometrics}}
		
			46
			
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}

@incollection{b56,
	
	
		,
	title={{Criminal deterrence research at the outset of the twenty-first century}}
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			DSNagin
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		,
	journal={{Crime and Justice}}
		
			23
			
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}

@incollection{b57,
	
	
		,
	title={{Cross-national variation in homicide: The case of Latin America}}
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	author={{
			JLNeapolitan
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	title={{Explaining variation in crime victimization across nations and within nations}}
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}

@book{b59,
	
	
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	title={{Do legitimate politics have fewer homicides? A cross national analysis. Homicide Studies}}
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	author={{
			AENivette
		} and {
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	title={{A common explanation for the changing age distributions of suicide and homicide in the United States}}
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	author={{
			RMO'brien
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			84
			
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}

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	title={{Age patterns of suicide and homicide mortality rates in highincome nations}}
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			CPampel
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			80
			
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}

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		,
	title={{Social support, inequality, and homicide: A cross-national test of an integrated theoretical model}}
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	author={{
			TCPratt
		} and {
			TWGodsey
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			Demokratizatsiya
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		,
	title={{Democracy and criminal justice in cross-national perspective: From crime control to due process}}
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}

@incollection{b79,
	
	
		,
	title={{Income inequality and population health: A review and explanation of the evidence}}
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	author={{
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}

@book{b80,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			JQWilson
		} and {
			BBoland
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={1976}
		
	

}

@book{b81,
	
	
		,
	title={{The urban predicament}}
		,
	editor={Gorham & N. Glazer}
		
			,
	publisher={The Urban Institute}
			
			,
	address={Washington, D.C.}
		
	

}

@incollection{b82,
	
	
		,
	title={{The effects of the police on crime}}
		,
	author={{
			JQWilson
		} and {
			BBoland
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Law & Society Review}}
		
			12
			
			,
	year={1978}
		
	

}

@book{b83,
	
	
		,
	title={{Exploring the positive punishment effect among incarcerated adult offenders}}
		,
	author={{
			PWood
		}}
		
			,
	year={2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b84,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{American Journal of Criminal Justice}}
		
			31
			
		
	

}

@book{b85,
	
	
		,
	title={{World development reports}}
		
		
			,
	year={2003. March 1, 2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b86,
	
	
		,
	title={{The global burden of disease: 2004 update}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{World Health Organization}}
		
			,
	year={2006. 2008}
			,
	publisher={WHO Press}
		
	

}

@incollection{b87,
	
	
		,
	title={{Determinants of bribery in Asia firms: Evidence from the world business environment survey}}
		,
	author={{
			XWu
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Business Ethics}}
		
			87
			
			,
	year={2008}
		
	

}

@incollection{b88,
	
	
		,
	title={{Statistical variability and the deterrent effect of the death penalty}}
		,
	author={{
			PZimmerman
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{American Law and Economics Review}}
		
			11
			
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@book{b89,
	
	
		,
	title={{unstandardized regression coefficients, standard errors in parentheses, and standardized regression coefficients in brackets}}
		
			122
		
	

}

@book{b90,
	
	
		,
	title={{WGI= an average World Governance Indicators; WGIWL= World Governance Indicators without rule of law}}
				
	

}

@book{b91,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			;Gdp = Gdp Per Capita
		} and {
			Gini = Gini
		}}
		
		
	
	,
	note={coefficient of income inequality; AGE(20-34)= percentage of the age group between 20 and 34 among a total population}

}

@book{b92,
	
	
		,
	title={{FEMALE% = percentage of females among a total population; ETHNIC = ethnic heterogeneity; HOMICIDE= homicide rate per 100,000 population}}
		
	

}