# Introduction hild Sex Exploitation (CSE) or Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is a pervasive concern in India, both in and out of family system. Here in this Research, it has been shown that child sexual abuse (CSA) could even disrupt with childhood development and put children at risk for a range of psychological disorders. Such conditions often include agitation (e.g., social phobia, Borderline personality disorder and Post traumatic stress disorder), stress, rage, neurological damage, depressive symptoms, depersonalisation, identity disturbance; behavioural deregulation, personality problems, drug and alcohol addiction, selfmutilation, body dysmorphia, inappropriate or abusive sexual practices, bipolar mania and aggression, suicidal tendencies, and mental disorders. Such common outcomes for victims and survivors of CSA entail: psychiatric problems (e.g. anxiety, insecurity, drug addiction, and post-traumatic stress disorder), interpersonal complications (e.g. marital wellness, sexuality, and heightened incidence of sexual misconduct and spousal abuse), and theological considerations (e.g., life-threatening judgmental, individuals and identity, and transforming traumarelated ideologies). Additionally, study has also shown that some victims and survivors of CSA are able to transcend the consequences of violence and reflect endurance and post trauma recovery. Children between the ages of 18 contribute 44.4% of India's existing population; half of these are not provided with basic literacy, food and nutrition (Indian National Family Health Survey 2005Survey -2006)). Besides that, India's large proportion of children is vulnerable to different types of juvenile delinquency. Furthermore, the sexual epidemic of Children Harassment spreads to the Indian subcontinent and has been labelled a deep-rooted social threat. Rising awareness of child molestation and sexual violence has now become a crucial matter of human rights for government officials. Abovementioned statistics are centrist, because most youngsters do not publicly acknowledge their harassment, and for those who not may not have been meant to protect or convinced. There is therefore broad consensus that child abuse, especially CSA, seems to be more extensive than might be widely documented or understood. Child brutalization and Child Sexual Exploitation from academic standpoint: Ramifications across India. The research interest in child misconduct and cruelty (CAN) in a global sense goes back at least 50 years to C's early work. It's Henry Kempe. Kempe was the first of the practitioners and analysts to bring awareness to childhood sex exploitation (CSA) as a major medical, behavioural and societal problem. This study outlines the concept and severity of sexual abuse of children (CSA) in India with an atheist perspective and draws conclusions of CSA study to date. Sociological factors also have been considered in the context of social psychology literature that put children at risk of sexual exploitation are carefully analysed. Whilst still sociological research on CAN and CSA is broad, there are several other main elements that line up out somewhere in the literature review related to child abuse and violence and child sexual abuse in terms of direction. It includes the following components: # b) Parental Deviance Parental Deviance is not an individual abnormality. The root of this problem is not really a natural or behavioral inability to understand how to function properly as a parent. Lack of education, unawareness about child development, or terrible parenting practices are mostly reasons for not understanding on how to become a good parent. Baumrind's (1994) phenomenological framework of parenting practices is a broad classification that distinguishes across the parameters of diligence and receptivity. Socioeconomic brutality and parental influences (to name a few) that may lead to child abuse are environmental factors. # II. # Social Determinants a) Social predictors: Social eigenvalues Socioeconomic factors such as unemployment, poverty, social segregation and situational factors can raise the danger of childhood abuse. Although most poor folks don't really abuse their children, economic inequality can increase the probability of ill-treatment, especially when unemployment comes in contact with some other risk factors such as depression, drug and alcohol abuse and loneliness. Relative to other families, parents who abuse their children experience more depression, more frustration, and less family support. Children growing up in violent areas are being exposed to a higher risk of being abused, physical abuse, and sexual violence. The social factors play an important role of the victim. Furthermore, whereas the socioeconomic forces could be the root of the pressure alluded to something in the previous context; the person seems unable to adjust these variables. Financial or cultural improvements must therefore be made to reduce such risk of child misconduct (Gil, 1971). In fact, societies therefore need improve funding and support for families. # b) The extinction of the Nuclear Family It is almost impossible to analyze quantitatively the psychological factors that influenced the rising rate of violence. However, this is one of many conceivable factors that deserves some recognition is just the deteriorating inability of family members to take care of the children. A range of social factors refer towards this downward trend: 1. The spike in early pregnancy marriages and the rising incidence of divorce amongst the marriage 2. A modest rise in the number of adolescent mothers 3. The net increase in the rate of divorce 4. Increase in single parents communities with early age mothers and babies 5. Low income rate by many lone parent households # c) Legal System Failure A massive part of the failure of our legal system to protect child victims occurs in state family courts. Undoubtedly, whenever the manipulator is a parent of the child while the other parent is silent of any legitimacy in the harassment, the protective parent often attempts to decompose the matter outside the court. According to this approach, the reason for molestation continues to emerge is that while the system is still not able to respond effectively to child maltreatment and encourages errors such as attempting to return young kids to abusive households (Wexler, 1990;Finkelhor, 1994;Myers, 1994). Child sexual abuse can be described as any action, negligence or misconduct on the behalf of any person, who poses a serious threat to the child's life and security and resulting in prolonged physical and physiological disruptions on the child's health and wellbeing. This may have been a real or imminent damage to the life for their growth and social interaction from sexual, physical, mental or emotional harassment or manipulation. This is a genuine and noteworthy dilemma which usually occurs across everywhere, particularly parents, families and caregivers. Child Harassment in all of its possible orientations is a growing issue which has been widely misunderstood and neglected over the decades. It is therefore highly widespread in India, where it is strongly embedded in social, cultural and economic activities. The question has been asked by numerous government as well as private institutions, but it has not been properly understood by the mainstream public. The denial is as influential as their existence. Child violence may occur in houses, classrooms, caring facilities, play areas, workplaces and digitally, and through social networking websites. Its consequence is generally permanent and affects the development of the kid that at the same time negates its efficacy as an opportunity for the nation. This segment highlights the basic observations of five previous researches of child sexual exploitation in India, which have been discussed in sequential order. Pagare's first research (2003) looked at the child abuse history of 72 boys at the Observation Home in Delhi, and is one of over 700 juvenile correctional homes in India. This paragraph examines the key observations of five current investigations of child sexual exploitation in India that are summarized in chronologically. The very first study undertaken by Pagare (2003) focused at the abuse and neglect backgrounds of 72 boys at the Observation Home in Delhi, which is also one of over 700 juvenile correctional centers in India. And in report, 38.1 percent of boys revealed experiences of abuse exploitation, with some of the attackers unknown to the survivors. Signage of physical aggression has been shown in 23.8% of the participants and behavioral and psychological problems were noticeable in 16.3% of the adolescents. Relatively few of the symptoms reported can be explained by the attempts of boys to shield their complaints in order to escape embarrassment and social isolation which can be faced by male abuse victims. The second research, published by Chatterjee, Chakraborty, Srivastava and Deb (2006) in Kolkata, focused at the behaviors of sexually-trafficking youngsters. The writers also confirmed that such adolescents also encountered a myriad of emotional, physical and social hardships. In particular, depressive symptoms, lack of enthusiasm in everyday life, and loneliness were therefore recorded. In addition, 14.6 per cent of the participants elsewhere in survey developed HIV / AIDS. Even many adolescents experience abandonment by family members and neighborhoods. Prior studies has shown that due to lack of appropriate medical and psychiatric care, most youngsters do not undergo counseling and hence suffer long-term effects of extreme mental trauma, that may significantly affect so many realms. # III. # Literature Review According to Korbin (1994) and Korbin and Coulton (1996), the ability of societies to stop brutality, especially different forms of child abuse, relies on the adverse outcomes of local state regulation and cooperative effectiveness. Nevertheless, these gradualness as close interpersonal interactions should not be the only attribute to cooperative effectiveness and elimination of abuse. Quasi-community connections, like administrative connections, also are essential. Assault and child sexual abuse awareness programs should be conducted in forms that contribute to both the community at large to deter such society's evils. In contrast, comprehensive public education initiatives dealing with multiple cases of child sexual abuse and exploitation must be at the frontline of both governmental and non-profit organizational strategies. Public engagement must be developed at the grassroots level, with local residents, families and communities. Baradha addresses several steps to reduce and prohibit sexual assault in India, especially child molestation which may help to reduce the rate of sexual misconduct. 1. Ethical and sexual learning should really be mandatory in educational institutions. 2. Pornographic publications and blue films must be forbidden. 3. Perception of sexual misconduct can be generated by broadcast media. 4. School administrators should know about early symptoms of child sexual abuse for verification purposes. 5. In addition, particular acts in the documentation of these kinds of cases must be highlighted. 6. Sex offenders should be dealt with comprehensive psychological approaches. 7. Completely distinct judiciary / court system should really be developed exclusively for sexual assault cases. Punishments ought to be strict in order to prevent others who may be contemplating such a crime. # Volume XXII Issue I Version I (30 ) There is a huge child populace in India, and a substantial majority of this populace is subject to violence, harassment and abandonment. There is also insufficient data about the level of child violence in the country. The first and only statistics available through an annualized basis is the abuse database compiled by the NCRB. A look at the details maintained by the NCRB suggests that: The words child misconduct and child sexual abuse are mostly used or searchable terms, though some scholars differentiate among them. They synonymously consider child misconduct as just an umbrella term that includes abandonment, trafficking, and slavery. Different authorities have created their own conceptions of what represents child exploitation or child sexual abuse for the intentions of separating minors from parental homes or enforcing a felony offense. Usually, the word "abuse" covers the most severe damage done to youngsters. An abused child is a child whose parent or other person lawfully accountable for his or her wellbeing involves extreme physical injury to the child, represent a significant risk of severe physical harm or attempts an act of sexual exploitation against the child. An individual who commits all of these acts against a child under the care may be harmful, and thus may an individual who encourages someone to do such offenses to a child. Maltreatment describes the level of support that the child rightfully deserves. Maltreatment happens when the parent or other legal responsible person damages the child welfare or puts the child at immediate risk by failing to exercise the minimum standard of care to provide the child with either of the following: food, clothes, accommodation, schooling or medical treatment. One of the main social taboos connected to society is child abuse. A minor can be mentally, emotionally as well as sexually molested. It may be in the manner of injury, misconduct or inadequate care, embarrassment, sexual coercion and behaviour, sexual harassment and attempted rape. Child abuse may take happen in residences, schools, refugee camps, foster care centers, on the pavement, within workplace, within prison as well as in detention centers. "Abuse" does have a very profound impact on the overall growth of the child. Child misconduct or child sexual abuse occurs in real or possible harm to the health, survival, growth and dignity of the child. According to the NCRB (National Crime Record Bureau), 109 children in India suffer several form of sexual exploitation day after day. Same data show a sharp spike in violence against children on a year-onyear basis. And unlike other offenses, horrific acts of violence against children are much less registered. The World Health Organisation (WHO) describes child sexual abuse (CSA) as the presence of a child in sexual encounters where they do not fully understand, or unable to give consent for. The concept of CSA involves sexual practices such as twiddling, trying to ask a child to touch or tickle sexually, and sexual contact, involving minors in commercial sexual exploitation, or luring a minor in virtual worlds. Protection of Children against Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POCSO Act) was introduced with both the intention of prohibiting a number of illegal acts including such as child sexual abuse, child molestation, sex trafficking, and pornography involving a child (under the age of 18). The Act mandates the establishment of legal provisions to enable quick hearings in cases of child sexual abuse. # IV. # Cause Abusing an infant is a felony in all types of social systems, and is extremely discriminatory and upsetting. A child is by far the most sensitive and therefore is relatively easy to manipulate into the trap of rape. Whenever a caregiver, a trusted person, a guardian or any other person performs such fraudulent activities, there should be various factors behind such actions. This may be linked to the past, present or persistent illness of the abuser. Studies from different organisations indicate that persons abusing children are also the victims of childhood abuse. The abuser may also be susceptible to drug addiction. Subsistence of alcohol, narcotics or related agents is usually very aggressive and damages people. The financial situation of the abuser, who may be a father, is also a major cause for child abuse. Parents struggling with hardship and insolvency may believe that children are the principal reasons of their difficulties. Unhealthy and unsuccessful marriages contribute even to anger and anger in the family Unhealthy and failed relations lead to anger and resentment in the family as well. Failed and unhealthy ties contribute to anger and bitterness in the household, too, wherein the children have become the ultimate targets of disconnection with their families. Throughout the case of sexual abuse, domestic violence is also a significant cause. Many that use their spouses to assault and exploit their child are extremely probable. # a) The child The physical handicap or a chronic or serious illness of children makes them more vulnerable to harmful environmental factors. Because of their defensive response, it is easier for the attacker to target these children. In addition to disabilities, if the child is of a relatively young age, sometimes it is vulnerable to violence. The ability of a child in general between the ages of 0-6 to defend back, respite, catch, grasp or protest, makes the attacker further intoxicated. There is a range of factors that might escalate to child abuse. The factors have always been complicated, or less interpretation is available. Many parents desire to give their child a happy and healthy family to love and care for. Anxiety, Volume XXII Issue I Version I 32 ( ) depression or unwillingness of parental attention makes it excessively frustrating to look after a child which can lead to abuse. # Violence At Home Children who belong to families where domestic violence is regular are prone to themselves become victims of violence. Men who abuse their women's spouses often abuse children in the households. # Drug and alcohol dependency Child abuse may be responsible for parents with a history of drug and alcohol abuse. Relying on alcoholism is a significant determinant of child abuse and violence, including sexual abuse and deliberate cruelty. Parents who consume drugs and alcohol are much more likely to begin sexual assault with children aged five or even under. # Untreated Psychological Disorder Untreated psychological disorder of a parent is a frequent source of abuse of a child. The parents may be dysfunctional for the child because of psychiatric disorder or some other mental disorder. The trauma of a parent also correlates to the abuse of a child. # Unwillingness for parenting While many parents are inherently compassionate with their children, but few can balance their needs and preferences appropriately. Many parents sometimes confuse their children with disciplinary abuse and require counselling to recognize a parent's role more appropriately. # Tension, anxiety and lack of support When the parents or guardians experience stress, often children develop psychiatric maltreatment. Particularly in stressful circumstances, the parents find it hard to cope with the emotional needs of an infant. Divorce, marital complications, financial anxieties and employment problems can escalate to aggression by parents. # Child abuse categorisation While the ramifications of child abuse remains same, as a result with physical or emotional damage, it is important not only to consider the occurrence of child abuse, but also to generate a realistic picture to recognize the various forms, allowing potential remedies to be developed and contemplated. # Physical abuse Physical abuse typically refers to a subsequent physical injury due to conflicts or confrontation which is in a position of power and authority or dominance under the influence of a parent or individual. If the intention of the conduct was to inflict harm, the resulting injuries are considered abuse. The preceding behaviour consists primarily of physical abuse: Mental abuse is also viewed as a behavioural pattern, which hinders the child's emotional growth and makes evidence incredibly complicated. In the case of childhood mental abuse, the lack of evidence is viewed as an important obstacle in the current system of child protection. Where other types of aggression are observed in the child, mental abuse is almost always present. In the first place, child mental abuse includes: ? Loneliness or exclusion of a child Treating a child as the silent burden of stigmatisation Infirmity in the family Non-responsive guardians This behaviour often contains refusing the child by: ? The presence and apparent desires of the child are ignored ? Avoiding the child whenever he or she needs support ? Do not even call the child by name Tell the child unpleasant stuff which can intensely harm a child. Examples normally utilized are: ? It would be better to make the child unwelcome by saying or pretending that life without the child would be easier. For instance, a parent will say to an infant, "I wish you would never born." ? Poking the child by saying, 'You're dumb. ? Creating fear by extreme physical aggression which can lead to even disability or death. ? Attempting to compare the infant to brothers and sisters or co-workers' children. ? Criticizing the child for problems with the home. ? Morally offending parents put their children unadvised or unlikely expectations, such as: ? Motivating the child to commit actions that are unethical or unlawful. ? To pressure the child to grow up too soon. ? The child is expected to do more beyond its potential or competence. The child could demonstrate an improper experience or involvement in sexual activities, or even an alluring manner, or an abnormal behavioureither becoming excessively violent or calm. Physical Symptoms: A child can be intubated or seated or have bruised, covered in blood or ripped undergarments. In the genitals inflammation, bleeding, or swelling is really a warning sign. # Signs for Guardians: The guardians may attempt to dominate and safeguard the child excessively and may prevent the communication with the other adults and children. # b) Ameliorating the impact of child abuse Child abuse is a severe problem that impacts survivors in myriad and everlasting way. It affects the person, culture, economy and the nation in its entirety. It is also important for the existing legislative and social systems to implement major steps towards change and preventive strategies. The governments must strive to improve the financial situation of households as the unemployment and poverty are recognized to become one of the significant causes and risk factors of abuse on children. Sex programs in education institutions should be compulsory National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) should must expand their range and operate to implement policies at ground level. # c) Ameliorating the legal framework Laws are still not properly enforced toward child slavery. Child slavery and beggar work seems to be very widespread across countries in India. Laws and regulations must be reinforced and effectively implemented to build educational establishments and to abolish child slavery. State-wise private and state educational institutions must promote campaigning for raising awareness through education on child abuse, child trafficking, government policies and the POCSO Act 2012. Local administrative bodies should conduct workshops for children to help children realize the rigorousness of the condition and also to encourage them to talk. # d) Social Reforms Both governmental and non-governmental institutions, including universities and schools, should consider conducting awareness programmes and seminars to a broader extent. Discussing sex can be just as natural as chatting about the developments in a teenager's body. It will facilitate the children to share their problems with someone they love. Each child should become more knowledgeable about their rights. They need to be educated about child welfare programmes and child-line services. Parents should advise their children about selfprotective behaviours such as the distinction between a good touch and a bad touch, safety measures in cases of sexual assault, and so forth. A deeper awareness of the concept of child abuse, not only physical and sexual abuse, but also mental abuse and negligence, must be generated among public. # e) Psychological Reforms Emotional abuse in children is associated with poor mental health and struggles in building and maintaining strong relationships with the society. This can worsen in education fields later in work field. Many victims later developed criminal behaviour issues. Child assault victims are commonly subjected to post-traumatic anxiety disorders. These may also contribute to the repetition of violence by the children. # Volume XXII Issue I Version I # ( ) The anger with their own experiences is reflected mainly in the violence on other kids. More centres with therapeutic support for such children also need to be implemented. These centres may provide a helping hand to the victim to recovery faster from the incident. Though this report specifically shows an uptick in children's abuse, the study also aims to evaluate the effects of child violence on the nation's overall growth and development. Although the study specifically distinguishes between the various kinds of crime that Indian children experience, the research also illustrates the desperately necessary changes in this field. This study note tries to show that abuse of children not only influences performance of the child but also destroy property the social life of the children. The society needs to wake to the call to safeguard and strengthen its infancy. It will not only empower children to participate further in creativity and progress, but it will also benefit the world's larger welfare. The study mainly highlighted that in childhood mental, physical and sexual assault is widespread in young adults as well. The seriousness of the condition requires proper attention to be paid to dealing with child abuse. Besides drawing up guidelines and stringent legislation, the stringent application of these guidelines and, in parallel, the creation of knowledge among family members/caregivers and societies of how to make children responsive and work towards safeguarding their rights and preventing their abuse is also relevant. The research emphasises that mental, sexual and physical abuse are severe in children as well as in adolescents. The severity of the problem requires proper attention to be attached to dealing with child abuse. In addition to drawing up the rules and stricter laws, it is also vital that they be strictly implemented and, in tandem, that families/carers and neighbourhoods become more attentive to children and move towards safeguarding their interests and avoiding their abuse. The current research emphasised that childhood mental, physical and sexual assault continues to occur in young adults as well. The seriousness of the condition requires proper attention in tackling child trafficking. In addition to the formulation of rules and stringent regulations, it is also vital that they are strictly implemented, while also promoting awareness within the families and caregivers and the community to be more attentive to children and to strive to make sure that their rights are protected and to stop their abuse. # f) Laws A child's development process focuses on three key aspects, notably, sustainability, progression and safety. A child is anyone underneath the age of 18 unless the majority age is reached sooner in accordance with the legislation applicable to the child. It is the State's responsibility to protect of a child so that its individuality develops properly. Humans' rights, including children's rights in India, were imposed expressly or implicitly in the Indian Constitution. Volume XXII Issue I Version I An act with respect to children deals with person(s) who procure or attempt to procure any child for prostitution or person(s) who are found with a child in a brothel (it is presumed child has been detained for the purpose of prostitution) and punishes them. It also provides for the due care of rescued children. The main objective of the Act is to regulate and prevent the pre-natal sex determination in order to prevent female foeticide. # National Health Policy, 2002: This is the second National Health Policy, after the first in 1983. The policy provides for Universal Immunization Programmes, health care related education in schools and free regular health check-ups at schools etc. Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012: The act aims at punishing the offenders who are guilty of sexual offences against children below the age of 18 years of age. Some more laws and policies in India for children can be found in: # Conclusions The CSA dilemma in India has surely been significantly addressed by POCSO 2012. It has recognised and outlawed a number of sexually explicit behaviours that endanger children. The overall prevalence is increasing enormously, reflecting that the constitution has made a significant contribution to public education, hardening of the juvenile justice system, and establishing CSA monitoring also permissible, and also compulsory. The law is full of detail and includes certain distinct features. Furthermore, 3 key shortcomings mentioned in the article and spirit of the constitution can provide challenges and issues in the Indian context. Child sexual abuse is widespread global issues. Episodes of child sexual abuse could provide substantial possibility of bad repercussions that can affect child development and lead to difficulties that linger throughout life. Statutory reports from professionals like educators, police officials, social service agencies, and doctors, and even some responsible adult complaints, are being used to refer cases of child sexual abuse to child protective services. Not that all cases of child abuse and neglect and neglect are recorded, and the criteria for probable cause of exploitation and abuse are sometimes not apparent. As a result, government reports may not reflect all occurrences of child sexual abuse that are claimed, nor even investigated and resolved. Consequently, relying solely on reference reports from child services for academic purposes is inadequate to grasp the entire spectrum of child sexual abuse. Further, child abuse are classified variously based on the purpose in which data is being collected, making it more difficult to accurately reflect the magnitude of the issue or investigate the underlying constraints. The study design adopted might even influence the outcomes of qualitative studies based on surveys. As a result, efforts towards another decent level of harmonization in such domains are required. Due to the difficulty in evaluating the appropriateness of child sexual abuse, it is unclear if the epidemic is rising or reducing, or even whether incidents are being identified and documented more consistently. Existing trend statistics indicate that sexual assault has increased drastically over the last one decade, and the weight of evidence points to a increase in verbal and physical violence, particularly in the much more common and catastrophic forms. # Important Contact Details & Mailing Address CRY (Child Rights and You) Address: ![a) Individual Psychopathy Psychopathy includes drug addiction, psychotic issues and mental anguish. As per Gil, 1971; Garbarino, 1977; Garbarino and Sherman, 1980; Hacking, 1991; Conrad, 1997; Parton, 2004, there is a massive tradition of applying medical paradigm on individual personality traits to examine the cause of child violence. Kempe et al. in a medical journal first addressed the breakthrough of juvenile ill treatment. Some authors (Gough, 1996; Dore and Lee, 1999; Evans, and Luken, 2003) have made reference to such behaviors as psychological, narcissistic personality disorder, emotional dysregulation disorder or of personal shortfalls.](image-2.png "") ![Legislations in India / Legislative Pronouncements India's major legislations and guidelines for the welfare of children to protect children and their rights are: Conventions on Rights of the Child (CRC) SECTIONS Indian Penal Code, 1860: S.83: Nothing is an offence which is done by a child above seven years of age and under twelve, who has not attained sufficient maturity of understanding to judge of the nature and consequences of his conduct on that occasion. S.292 & 293: Selling, distribution, publishing, public exhibition or circulation of obscene material such as books, magazines, drawings, paintings, etc. is prohibited under Section 292. Whoever sells, lets to hire, distributes, exhibits or circulates to any person under the age of twenty years any such obscene object as is referred to in Section 292, or offers or attempts so to do, shall be punished more severely. S.305: Abetment of the commission of suicide of a person below the age of 18 years is punishable under this section. S.317: Abandonment or exposure of a child for the purpose of abandonment by any of the parents or a person having the care of such child](image-3.png "") ![The Women's and Children's (Licensing) Act, 1956: This Act was enacted with an object to protect women and children from exploitation and inhuman activities going on in institutions. Probation of Offenders Act, 1958: This act with the help of the Juvenile Justice Act, 2000 tries to ensure that no person under the age of 21 years faces imprisonment. National Policy for Children, 1974: It is the first written policy for the children in India. It aims at providing better enforcement of constitutional rights of the children along with those granted by the CRC. Some of the provisions include free education, comprehensive health and nutritious plans, etc. Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976: The act aims at eradicating the bonded labour system in India which exploits the weaker sections of society, especially children. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986: It tries to remove inequality by making special provisions for women and other weaker sections of society such as Schedule Castes, Schedule Tribes, etc. National Policy on Education, 1986: This act tries to remove inequality by making special provisions for women and other weaker sections of society such as Schedule Castes, Schedule Tribes, etc. National Policy on Child Labour, 1987: The act endeavours to eradicate child labour from Indian society wherever necessary. Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2000:This act is one of the important acts in India for the children in need of care and protection and also children in conflict with the law.](image-4.png "") ![](image-5.png "") ![](image-6.png "") ![](image-7.png "") ![](image-8.png "") ![](image-9.png "") ![](image-10.png "") ![](image-11.png "") ![](image-12.png "") ![](image-13.png "") S.376:The section provides for stringent punishments if:?rape is committed by management or staff of Remand Home or any other placeof custody established by law or children's institution,?rape is committed upon a woman under 12 years of age,?gang rape is committed.S.376C:When the Superintendent or manager of a remand home or any other place ofcustody established under law of 'children's institution' induces or seduces a womaninto sexual intercourse by taking advantage of his official position, he is entitled tostringent punishment under this section.Guardians and Wards Act,Guardianship and Wards Act was enacted by Parliament in 1890 to protect the1890:interests of minor and secure his property.Child Marriage Restraint Act,1929 (Amended in 1979):Immoral Traffic (Prevention)Act (Amended in 1986),1956: V.38Volume XXII Issue I Version I)( Ameliorating the Effect of Child Abuse in India: A Review of Reviews to Mending the Tear through a Legislative Bandage * Prevention of Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act 1987 * Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities 1989 Act * Infant Milk Substitutes, Feeding Bottles and Infant Foods (Regulation of Production, Supply and Distribution) Act 1992 * Transplantation of Human Organ Act 1994 * Information Technology Act 1996 * The Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Regulation and Prevention of Misuse) Amendment Act 2002 13. 2003 14. 2005 15. 2006 National Plan of Action. Prohibition of Child Marriage Act * Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act (Amendment 2006 2006 * The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009 * The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Amendment Bill 2012 * The National Policy for Children 2013 * Juvenile Justice Rules Gazette Notification 2016 * Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976 26. Prevention of Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill 2016 22. 1986 23. 1987 24. 1993 25. 1987 National Policy on Education. Psychotropic Substances Act * Amendment Act" (2019) notified the Children's Protection from Sexual Offenses. The Amendment Act amends the POCSO Act, 2012 in order to improve or allow for minimum dates for such crimes to prevent and guarantee care and safety for children -identified as any child less than 18 years of age The Ministry of Women and Child Development announced the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 1986. 2019. August 16. 2019. 2012. 16 August 2019 POCSO Act"), with a view to improve or allow for minimum jail terms for such offences so as to discourage the offenders and ensure welfare and protection for children -described as any minor below 18 years of age. The Act further amends this Act to include children's protection against sexual offences (POCSO Act * CRY -Child Rights and You, 189/A Anand Estate, Sane Guruji Marg MaharashtraMumbai Mumbai -400 011 * Address: CRY -Child Rights and You, Madhavi Mansion 12/3-1, Bachammal Road Cox Town KarnatakaBengaluru Bengaluru -560 005 * Westend Marg, Near Saket Metro Station, Saiyad-ul-Ajaib New Delhi -110 632 30 Address: CRY -Child Rights and You * E-Mail Tel: 9903086824/ 9830053222 cryinfo.cal@crymail Fax 3322 * National Child Helpline TEL: 1098 (24 HOURS TOLL FREE HELPLINE * References Références Referencias * Recovering from childhood sexual abuse: is a "Storybook ending" possible? KMAnderson CHiersteiner American Journal of Family Therapy 36 5 2008 * Contemporary family problems GBaradha Family life education in India: Perspectives, challenges, and applications AChowdhury DKCarson CKCarson Jaipur Rawat Publications 2006 * Short and long-term problems faced by trafficked children: a qualitative study PChatterjee TChakraborty NSrivastava SDeb Social Science International 22 1 2006 * International perspectives on family violence and abuse: A cognitive ecological approach SChawla India. In K. Malley-Morrison 2004 Lawrence Erlbaum Pub Mahwah * Understanding family life in India RChoudhury Family life education in India: Perspectives, challenges, and applications AChowdhury DKCarson CKCarson Jaipur Rawat Publications 2006 Street Children * World Perspectives on Child Abuse International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect 2006. 2005-2006 Mumbai: International Institute of Population Sciences * The use of narrative therapy and internal family systems with survivors of child sexual abuse: examining issues related to loss and oppression BJMiller JR PCardona MHardin Journal of Feminist Family Therapy 18 4 2007 * The use of narrative therapy and internal family systems with survivors of child sexual abuse: examining issues related to loss and oppression BJMiller JR PCardona MHardin Journal of Feminist Family Therapy 18 4 2007 * World Report on Violence against Children; United Nations Secretary-General's Study on Violence against Children PSPinheiro 2006 * United Nations New York * Child Domestic Work: A Violation of Human Rights-Assessment of Situation in Delhi City Abuse among Child Domestic Workers-A Research Study in West Bengal, and Save the Children 2006. 2005 * Research on Prevalence and Dynamics of Child Sexual Abuse among school going children in Chennai Save the Children and Tulir 2006 * Trafficking in Women and Children in India Sen PMNair Orient Longman Pvt. Ltd 2005 * RKSharma Child abuse in India: Problems, Concerns, Policies & Legal Provisions 2018 * International Journal of Technical Research and Applications 2320-8163 * Report of the Consultation on Child Abuse Prevention; Geneva 1999 * 10.1007/s10615-019-00699-y