@incollection{,
	
					
					
					1C292E6DD2B8576DD676E6EDE1D700D0
				,
	author={{Dr. Abou Bakr Fathi AlDesouki}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}},
	journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}2146576
}

@incollection{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Triple Surge on Africa: Is there a way?}}
		,
	author={{
			AbdAl-Rahman
		} and {
			H
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Kiraat Africaia [African Readings], Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies}}
				
			,
	year={2018. December 27}
		
	

}

@book{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{Opportunities and Challenges, Al-siyassa Al-dawliya}}
		,
	author={{
			Abdel-Wahab
		}}
		
			,
	year={2021. April}
			224
		
	
	,
	note={The Red Sea and the Riparian Countries. International politics journal}

}

@incollection{b2,
	
	
		,
	title={{Differing Visions: The Red Sea Alliance and the Revival of the Concept of "Afrabia}}
		,
	author={{
			AbdulRahman
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Future Center for Research and Advanced Studies}}
		
			,
	year={2020. January 12}
		
	

}

@incollection{b3,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Deputy Chairperson Of The AUC, The Geostrategic Importance Of Africa's Maritime Domain: Opportunities And Challenges}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Africa Union}}
		
			22J
			,
	year={2010. 13-14 October,. 2021}
		
	

}

@incollection{b4,
	
	
		,
	title={{Ethiopia, Russia signs military cooperation agreement}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{African Military Blog}}
		
			,
	year={2021. July 14. 10 August, 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b5,
	
	
		,
	title={{Russia rejects attempts to link its military cooperation with Ethiopia with GERD dispute}}
		,
	author={{
			AhramOnline
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2021. 24 Jul. August, 2021}
		
	

}

@incollection{b6,
	
	
		,
	title={{Signing the charter establishing the countries bordering the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Al Ain News}}
		
			,
	year={2020. January 6. August, 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b7,
	
	
		,
	title={{An Initial Approach, Al-siyassa Al-dawliya}}
		,
	author={{
			AlDesouky
		}}
		
			,
	year={2019. July}
			217
		
	
	,
	note={Egyptian National Security. International Politics journal}

}

@incollection{b8,
	
	
		,
	title={{Warnings of the Houthi repetition of the "tragic}}
		,
	author={{
			Al-Ain
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Beirut}}
		
			,
	year={2020. August 8. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Safer" bomb}

}

@book{b9,
	
	
		,
	title={{The losses of Egypt and the world from the crisis of the stranded ship in the Suez Canal}}
		,
	author={{
			Al-Ain
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2021. March 29. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 21 Juli}

}

@incollection{b10,
	
	
		,
	title={{Security in the Horn of Africa}}
		,
	author={{
			AAl-Desouky
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Challenge and Response, International Politics journal}}
		
			212
			90
			,
	year={2018. April}
		
	

}

@book{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Egyptian Vision for Security and Cooperation in the Red Sea}}
		,
	author={{
			AAl-Desouky
		}}
		
			,
	year={2021}
		
	

}

@book{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			Determinants
		} and {
			Al-SiyassaTools
		} and {
			Al-Dawliya
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={April}
			224
		
	
	,
	note={International politics journal}

}

@book{b13,
	
	
		,
	title={{Ethiopia's plan to build Red Sea military bases fuels tension with Egypt}}
		,
	author={{
			Al-Monitor
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2021. June 9. 18 July, 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{Japan supports peace, stability in Horn of Africa}}
		,
	author={{
			Anadolu Agency Website
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2019. 29 August. 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b15,
	
	
		,
	title={{European Council extends Atlanta operation in Somalia}}
		,
	author={{
			ArabicSputniknews
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2018. July 30. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 22 Juli}

}

@book{b16,
	
	
		,
	title={{AL Sisi inaugurates the Southern Fleet, wearing military uniform for the third time}}
		,
	author={{
			ArabicCnn
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2017. Jan 5. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 22 Juli}

}

@incollection{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Suez Canal accident causes a global crisis}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Arabic.Sputniknews}}
		
			,
	year={2021. March 25. 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b18,
	
	
		,
	title={{US on collision course with China in the Red Sea}}
		,
	author={{
			AArman
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2015. May 30. 2021}
			,
	address={Middle East Monitor}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 20 Juli}

}

@book{b19,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Red Sea and the Structuring of a New Regional Order, African Readings}}
		,
	author={{
			AAskar
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2020. January 13. 10 August, 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b20,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Japanese approach to the Horn of Africa: the most prominent interests and features of interest Trends Research}}
		,
	author={{
			AAskar
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2021. May 26. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 28 Juli}

}

@book{b21,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Red Sea and the Structure of a New Regional Order, kiraat Africia}}
		,
	author={{
			AAskar
		}}
		
			,
	year={2020. January 13}
		
	
	,
	note={African Readings}

}

@book{b22,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Red Sea and the Structuring of a New Regional Order, kiraat Africia (African Readings}}
		,
	author={{
			Askar
		}}
		
			,
	year={2020. January 13}
		
	

}

@book{b23,
	
	
		,
	title={{Russia to establish navy base in Sudan for at least 25 years}}
		
		
			,
	year={2020. 8 December}
			,
	publisher={Associated Press}
		
	

}

@book{b24,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			Apmayd
		}}
		,
	title={{Accessed on 24 Juli}}
				
			,
	year={2021}
		
	

}

@incollection{b25,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Impact of Border Conflicts in the Horn of Africa}}
		,
	author={{
			SBadawi
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Eritrea Model, International Politics journal}}
				
			,
	year={2018. April}
			212
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b26,
	
	
		,
	title={{Japan brings kaizen philosophy to Ethiopia}}
		,
	author={{
			. ; PaulBbc News
		} and {
			Melly
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{BBC News}}
		
			,
	year={2014. 25 March. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 24 Juli}

}

@book{b27,
	
	
		,
	title={{Renaissance Dam: The failure of the "last chance" negotiations between Egypt}}
		,
	author={{
			Bbc
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2021. April 6. 2021}
		
		
			Sudan and Ethiopia in Kinshasa
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 29 Juli}

}

@book{b28,
	
	
		,
	title={{Russia has signed an agreement to establish a navy base on the Red Sea for at least 25 years}}
		,
	author={{
			Business
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2020. December 9. 10 August, 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b29,
	
	
		,
	title={{Combined Maritime Forces (CMF)}}
		
		
	
	,
	note={Combined Maritime Forces}

}

@incollection{b30,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{GlQ}}
		
			,
	year={10 August, 2021}
		
	

}

@incollection{b31,
	
	
		,
	title={{Combined Maritime Forces}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{CTF}}
		
			150
			,
	year={2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 29 Juli}

}

@incollection{b32,
	
	
		,
	title={{Counter -Piracy}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{CTF}}
		
			151
			,
	year={2021}
		
		
			Combined Maritime Forces
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 29 Juli}

}

@incollection{b33,
	
	
		,
	title={{Gulf Maritime Security}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{CTF}}
		
			152
			,
	year={2021}
		
		
			Combined Maritime Forces
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 29 Juli}

}

@book{b34,
	
	
		,
	title={{Horn of Africa and Red Sea: Council adopts conclusion}}
		
			,
	year={2018. June 25}
		
		
			Council of the European Union.
		
	

}

@book{b35,
	
	
		,
	title={{Analysis: The damage and consequences of the Suez Canal disaster on Egypt and the world}}
		,
	author={{
			Dw
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2021. March 28. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 20 Juli}

}

@book{b36,
	
	
		,
	title={{Israeli Foreign Policy towards Africa -Sub-Saharan Turkey, Turkish Vision Magazine}}
		,
	author={{
			SEid
		}}
		
			,
	year={2015. 2015}
			
		
	

}

@incollection{b37,
	
	
		,
	title={{Arab Security at Stake. The Conflict over Regional Influence in East Africa}}
		,
	author={{
			AEl Am
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Future for Advanced Research & Studies}}
		
			,
	year={2018. 11 February. August, 2021}
		
	

}

@incollection{b38,
	
	
		,
	title={{Competition for Seaports in the Horn of Africa: Drivers and Implications}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Emirates Policy Center}}
		
			,
	year={2021. February 9. July, 2021}
		
	

}

@incollection{b39,
	
	
		,
	title={{Competition for seaports in the Horn of Africa: motives and repercussions}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Emirates Policy Center}}
		
			,
	year={2021. February 9. August, 2021}
		
	

}

@incollection{b40,
	
	
		,
	title={{Regional Variables and Security Challenges in the Red Sea}}
		,
	author={{
			TFahmy
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Politics}}
		
			224
			,
	year={2021. April}
		
	

}

@book{b41,
	
	
		,
	title={{Objectives and importance of the Council of States bordering the Red Sea, gate ahram}}
		,
	author={{
			SHalima
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2021. 4 January}
		
	

}

@book{b42,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
		,
	author={{
			Unzt
		}}
		
			,
	year={10 August, 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b43,
	
	
		,
	title={{China is expanding in Africa, taking advantage of the American vacuum}}
		,
	author={{
			CHamel
		}}
		,
	editor={Yasmine Abdel Latif, Al-Shorouk newspaper}
		
			,
	year={2020. October 27, 2020}
		
	

}

@book{b44,
	
	
		,
	title={{An Economic Roadmap to Humanitarian Relief in Yemen "?The Washington institute for near east policy}}
		,
	author={{
			DHarden
		} and {
			M-Knights
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2019. April 16. 28 July, 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Online] available at}

}

@book{b45,
	
	
		,
	title={{Crisis of the Fragile State in the Horn o Africa}}
		,
	author={{
			AHashem
		}}
		
			,
	year={2018. April}
			212
		
	
	,
	note={Somalia as a Model, Al-siyassa Aldawliya. International Politics journal}

}

@book{b46,
	
	
		,
	title={{Establishment of a new bloc of "Red Sea and Gulf of Aden" countries}}
		
		
			,
	year={2020. January 6. August, 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Independent Arabia}

}

@incollection{b47,
	
	
		,
	title={{East Africa and the Horn IN 2022: An Outlook for Strategic Positioning in the Region}}
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Humanitarian Foresight Think Tank, Institut De Relations internationals Et Strategiques}}
				
			,
	year={2017. March. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Institut De Relations Internationals Et Strategiques. Accessed on 20 Juli}

}

@book{b48,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Strategic Dimensions of Establishing an Egyptian Military Base in the Red Sea, Gulf News}}
		,
	author={{
			AKeshk
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2020. January 27. 22 July, 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b49,
	
	
		,
	title={{Why intensifying international interest in the Red Sea is driving military buildup?, the Arab Weekly}}
		,
	author={{
			SKhan
		}}
		
			,
	year={2018. Feb 11}
		
	

}

@book{b50,
	
	
		,
	title={{Red Sea Security Tracks}}
		
		
			,
	year={2018. November 2018. 20 July, 2021}
		
		
			King Faisal Center for Research and Islamic Studies
		
	

}

@incollection{b51,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Race to the Red Sea: Key Agendas, High Stakes}}
		,
	author={{
			VLofaso
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Policy Digest}}
		
			,
	year={2018. Jan 3. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 24 Juli}

}

@book{b52,
	
	
		,
	title={{US on collision course with China in the Red Sea}}
		
		
			,
	year={2015. May 30. 2021}
			22J
		
		
			Middle East Monitor
		
	

}

@book{b53,
	
	
		,
	title={{Council of the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden States: Goals and Reactions, Arab Policy Forum}}
		,
	author={{
			ENasser
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2020. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 22 Juli}

}

@book{b54,
	
	
		,
	title={{The African Continental Free Trade Area, A Solution to Conflicts in the Horn of Africa}}
		,
	author={{
			RObonyo
		}}
		,
	editor={Yasmine Abdel Latif}
		
			,
	year={2021. January 6th}
			,
	publisher={Al Shorouk Newspaper}
		
	

}

@book{b55,
	
	
		,
	title={{The geo-strategic importance of the Red Sea, Al-siyassa Al-dawliya}}
		,
	author={{
			ERajab
		}}
		
			,
	year={2021. April}
			,
	publisher={Al-Ahram foundation}
		
	
	,
	note={International politics journal}

}

@book{b56,
	
	
		,
	title={{Why has the importance of the Red Sea increased in Egyptian strategic planning? Al-Ahram Center for Political and Strategic Studies}}
		,
	author={{
			ERajab
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2016. December 13. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 26 Juli}

}

@incollection{b57,
	
	
		,
	title={{Egyptian policy toward Iran and the challenges of moving from estrangement to normalization}}
		,
	author={{
			MSalama
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Iranian Studies, Fourth Issue, First Year}}
		
			57
			,
	year={2017. September}
		
	

}

@incollection{b58,
	
	
		,
	title={{Arab countries face the challenges of the globalization of the Red Sea}}
		,
	author={{
			MSalem
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Arab Affairs Magazine}}
		
			173
			
			,
	year={2018}
		
	

}

@book{b59,
	
	
		,
	title={{Globalization of the Red Sea.. a new geo-strategic stage, Al-siyassa Al-dawliya}}
		,
	author={{
			MSalem
		}}
		
			,
	year={2021. April}
		
	
	,
	note={International politics journal}

}

@book{b60,
	
	
		,
	title={{Interregnum: The Regional Order In The Middle East and North Africa After}}
		,
	author={{
			RSarto
		} and {
			HMalmvig
		} and {
			Lecha
		}}
		
		
		
		
			,
	year={2019. 2011. February. 2021}
		
		
			Middle East and North Africa Regional Architecture
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 25 Juli}

}

@incollection{b61,
	
	
		,
	title={{Yemen: Civil War and Regional Intervention}}
		,
	author={{
			JSharp
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Congressional Research Service}}
		
			,
	year={2019. March 21. 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b62,
	
	
		,
	title={{Russia Revisits an Old Cold War Battleground}}
		,
	author={{
			Stratfor
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2018. January 16. 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 20 Juli}

}

@incollection{b63,
	
	
		,
	title={{How do terrorist organizations threaten security in the Horn of Africa?}}
		,
	author={{
			NTawfik
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Politics}}
		
			212
			,
	year={2018. April, pg. 132}
		
	

}

@incollection{b64,
	
	
		,
	title={{Ethiopia: Tigray rebels enter regional capital of Mekelle, ceasefire requested}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Africa Report}}
		
			29
			,
	year={2021. June. August, 2021}
		
	

}

@incollection{b65,
	
	
		,
	title={{Colonel Christopher Karns, AFRICOM We look forward to renewing our partnership and cooperation with Sudan}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Middle East}}
		
			,
	year={2021. February 4th}
		
	

}

@incollection{b66,
	
	
		,
	title={{The forgotten war: The ongoing disaster In Yemen}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Soufan center}}
		
			,
	year={2018. June 2018. 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b67,
	
	
		,
	title={{Yemen Humanitarian Situation Report, UNICEF}}
		,
	author={{
			Unicef
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2018. November. 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b68,
	
	
		,
	title={{Final Report and Recommendations of the Senior Study Group on Peace and Security in the Red Sea Arena}}
		
		
			,
	year={2020. 2021}
			,
	address={United States Institute of Peace, Washington D. C, 2020}
		
		
			United States Institute of Peace.
		
	
	,
	note={Accessed on 20 Juli}

}

@book{b69,
	
	
		,
	title={{Pax Africana or Middle East Security Alliance in the Horn of Africa and the Red Sea, Council on foreign relations}}
		,
	author={{
			AWaal
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2019. January 17. 20 July, 2021}
		
	

}

@book{b70,
	
	
		,
	title={{Why Is Ethiopia at War With Itself}}
		,
	author={{
			DWalsh
		} and {
			ADahir
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2021. July 29. August, 2021}
		
	
	,
	note={The New York Times}

}

@book{b71,
	
	
		,
	title={{Great Power rivalry in the Red Sea}}
		,
	author={{
			VZach
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2020. 2021}
			,
	address={Brookings, Washington D.c, June}
		
	

}