@incollection{,
	
					
					
					51D59261ABFBEBDBCCB526F11277BAEA
				,
	author={{MikeOmilusi} and {SundayAdunmo} and {Ekiti State University}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}},
	journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}2144759
}

@incollection{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{Election Security in Nigeria: Matters Arising}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{National Electoral Commission and Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung}}
		,
	editor={Lai Olurode}
		
			
			,
	year={2013}
		
	

}

@book{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{Post-Election Violence in Nigeria: Emerging Trend and Lessons}}
		,
	author={{
			EtannibiAlemika
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b2,
	
	
		,
	title={{Electoral Violence Situational Analysis: Identifying Hot Spots in the 2011 General Elections in Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			ChikaAniekwe
		} and {
			JoshuaKushie
		}}
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{National Association for Peaceful Elections in}}
		
			20
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b3,
	
	
		,
	title={{Regime Character, Electoral Crisis and Prospects of Electoral Reform in Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			KAnimashaun
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Nigerian Studies}}
		
			1
			1
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b4,
	
	
		,
	title={{Lancelot "Assessment of 2011 Elections in View of Recommendations from the 2010 Workshop}}
		,
	author={{
			Anyanya
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Election Security in Nigeria: Matters Arising}}
				,
	editor={
			Friedrich-Ebert-StiftungNational Electoral Commission
		}
		Abuja, Nigeria
		
			,
	year={2013}
		
	

}

@incollection{b5,
	
	
		,
	title={{Assessment of 2011 Elections in View of Recommendations from the 2010 Workshop}}
		,
	author={{
			LancelotAnyanya
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Security in Nigeria: Matters Arising, Published in by National Electoral Commission (INEC) and Friedrich -Ebert-Stiftung}}
				,
	editor={
			LaiOlurode
		}
		
			,
	publisher={FES}
			,
	year={2013}
		
	

}

@book{b6,
	
	
		,
	title={{Nigeria's Elections: More Democracy, Less Security?}}
		,
	author={{
			CristinaBarrios
		} and {
			JoséLuengo-Cabrera
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2015. February 2015 1}
			,
	publisher={European Union Institute for Security Studies}
		
	

}

@incollection{b7,
	
	
		,
	title={{Democracy: Its Principles and Achievement, Publication prepared and edited by the Inter-Parliamentary Union}}
		,
	author={{
			DavidBeetham
		}}
	
	
		,
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				Geneva 9. Brown, Stephen and Kaiser, Paul
		
			,
	year={1998. 2007. September 2007}
			28
		
	
	,
	note={Institutions and Problems}

}

@book{b8,
	
	
		,
	title={{Ballots and Bullets in Nigeria's Oil State}}
		,
	author={{
			TomBurgis
		}}
		
		
	

}

@book{b9,
	
	
		,
	title={{Election Rigging and How to Fight It}}
		,
	author={{
			DanielCalingaert
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@book{b10,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			SarahChayes
		}}
		
		,
	title={{the Name of Security, Nigeria's Election Charade}}
				
			,
	year={2015}
		
	

}

@book{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{Democratic But Deadly, Foreign Policy}}
		,
	author={{
			JonasClaes
		}}
		
			,
	year={2015. February 5}
		
	

}

@incollection{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{Coexistence and Democracy in West Africa: Trends, Challenges and Opportunities, A summary of Policies and Practices Aimed at Promotion of Democratic Governance}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Coexistence and Social Inclusion in West Africa}}
		
			525
			,
	year={2008}
		
	
	,
	note={Africa Vision}

}

@book{b13,
	
	
		,
	title={{Countdown to Nigeria's Elections: Minimizing the Dangers, A Joint Report of the CSIS Africa Program and the Savannah Centre for Diplomacy, Democracy, and Development}}
		,
	author={{
			JenniferGCooke
		} and {
			RichardDownie
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2015}
		
	

}

@incollection{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Democratic Rollback: The Resurgence of the Predatory State (Essays) (democracy of countries)(Critical essay)}}
		,
	author={{
			LarryDiamond
		}}
		
	
	
		,
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			,
	year={2008. March-April 2008. 2008}
			87
			36
		
	

}

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		,
	author={{
			LarryDiamond
		}}
		
		,
	title={{Anatomy of a Feckless State, Premium Times}}
				Nigeria
		
			,
	year={2014. June 30}
		
	

}

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		,
	title={{Electoral Conflict and Violence: A Strategy for Study and Prevention}}
		,
	author={{
			JeffFischer
		}}
		
			,
	year={2002. February 5}
		
		
			IFES White Paper
		
	

}

@incollection{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{Deepening Democracy: A Strategy for Improving the Integrity of Elections Worldwide}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Global Commission on Elections, Democracy and Security}}
		
			,
	year={2012. September 2012}
		
	

}

@incollection{b18,
	
	
		,
	title={{How to assess the political role of the Zambian courts}}
		,
	author={{
			SGloppen
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Michelsen Institute, Development Studies and Human Rights}}
				Bergen, Norway
		
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@book{b19,
	
	
		,
	title={{Nigeria Forum: Why Are the Stakes So High for the}}
		,
	author={{
			IdayatHassan
		}}
		
		
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	year={2014. 2015}
		
	

}

@book{b20,
	
	
		,
	title={{Small Arms, Armed Violence, and Insecurity in Nigeria: The Niger Delta in Perspective, Small Arms Survey, Graduate Institute of International Studies}}
		,
	author={{
			JenniferMHazen
		} and {
			JonasHorne
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2007. 2007}
			,
	address={Geneva}
		
	

}

@book{b21,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Role of Security Forces in the Electoral Process: The Case of six West African countries}}
		,
	author={{
			MathiasHounkpe
		} and {
			Gueye
		} and {
			AliouneBadara
		}}
		
		
		,
	editor={Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung}
		
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b22,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Role of Security Forces in the Electoral Process: The Case of Six West African countries, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung 25}}
		,
	author={{
			MathiasHounkpe
		} and {
			Gueye
		} and {
			BadaraAlioune
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Human Right Watch}}
		
			,
	year={2010. 2004}
		
	
	,
	note={Nigeria's 2003 Elections: The Unacknowledged Violence}

}

@incollection{b23,
	
	
		,
	title={{Criminal Politics: Violence, "Godfathers" and Corruption in Nigeria}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Human Rights Watch}}
		
			19
			16
			,
	year={2007}
		
	

}

@incollection{b24,
	
	
		,
	title={{Intelligence Information and Policing in Nigeria: Issues and Way Forward}}
		,
	author={{
			DanielIkuomola
		} and {
			Adediran
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of International Social Research}}
		
			4
			17
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b25,
	
	
		,
	title={{International IDEA (2001) Democracy, Conflict and Human Security: Pursuing Peace in the 21 st Century, A Publication of International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Crisis Group Africa Report}}
		
			220
			,
	year={2014. 21 November. 29}
		
		
			International Crisis Group
		
	
	,
	note={Nigeria's Dangerous 2015 Elections: Limiting the Violence. International IDEA}

}

@book{b26,
	
	
		,
	title={{International IDEA (2015) Secure and Fair Elections (SAFE) Workshop Model Curriculum, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance}}
				
			,
	year={December 2015}
		
	

}

@book{b27,
	
	
		,
	title={{Extracted from Electoral justice: The international IDEA handbook}}
		,
	author={{
			IdeaInternational
		}}
		
			,
	year={2010}
			,
	publisher={International IDEA}
			,
	address={Stockholm, Sweden}
		
	

}

@book{b28,
	
	
		,
	title={{Elections and Stability in West Africa}}
		,
	author={{
			International Peace Institute
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@book{b29,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			AttahiruJega
		}}
		,
	title={{Security Challenges of Election Management: Towards 2015, Keynote Address to the Workshop on Election Security by the Chairman, Independent National Electoral Commission, Professor Attahiru M. Jega, OFR, Organized by the Electoral Institute in Conjunction with the Friedrich Ebert Stiftung at the Transcorp Hilton Hotel}}
				Abuja
		
			,
	year={2012. August 29 30, 2012}
		
	

}

@incollection{b30,
	
	
		,
	title={{Enforcement of Electoral law and Electoral Violence in Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			MTLadan
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Enforcement of Electoral laws and Reduction of Electoral Violence in Nigeria, PANAFSTRAG-NIG and IDASA}}
				,
	editor={
			Malu
			NOgbu
		}
		
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}

@incollection{b31,
	
	
		,
	title={{Address by Ambassador C. L Laseinde, Representative of the National Security Adviser}}
		,
	author={{
			CLaseinde
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Election Security: Stakeholders' Perspectives}}
				,
	editor={
			LaiOlurode
		}
		Abuja, Nigeria
		
			,
	year={2014}
		
		
			Independent National Electoral Commission and Friedrich-EbertStiftung
		
	

}

@incollection{b32,
	
	
		,
	title={{for Strategic and International Studies}}
		,
	author={{
			PeterLewis
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Nigeria: Assessing Risks to Stability}}
				Washington, D.C. Centre
		
			,
	year={2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b33,
	
	
		,
	title={{Democratic Participation, Competition, and Legitimacy in Africa}}
		,
	author={{
			StaffanLindberg
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{López-Pintor, Rafael (2011) Assessing Electoral Fraud in New Democracies: A Basic Conceptual Framework, IFES Conference Paper, Paper presented at the IPSA-ECPR Joint Conference}}
		,
	booktitle={{Lund Political Studies}}
		Sweden; Sao Paulo, Brazil
		
			,
	year={2004. February 16 -19, 2011}
			38
		
		
			Department of Political Science, Lund University
		
	

}

@book{b34,
	
	
		,
	title={{Understanding the Principles of true Democracy, Crossroads, A Newsletter of the United States Mission}}
		,
	author={{
			SaniMohammed
		}}
		N0. 7
		
			,
	year={2011}
			16
			,
	address={Nigeria}
		
	

}

@incollection{b35,
	
	
		,
	title={{Insurgency in Nigeria: Addressing the Causes as part of the Solution}}
		,
	author={{
			AllswellMuzan
		} and {
			Osini
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{African Human Rights Law Journal}}
		
			
			,
	year={2014. 2014}
		
	

}

@book{b36,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			PippaNorris
		}}
		,
	title={{Why Electoral Integrity Matters}}
				New York
		
			,
	publisher={Cambridge University Press}
			,
	year={2014}
		
	

}

@book{b37,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			PippaNorris
		}}
		,
	title={{Contentious Elections: From Ballots to Barricades}}
				New York
		
			,
	publisher={Routledge}
			,
	year={2015}
		
	

}

@book{b38,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			ChikodiriNwangwu
		}}
		,
	title={{Biometric Voting Technology and the 2015 General Elections in Nigeria, Being a Paper Presented at Two-Day National Conference on "The 2015 General Elections in Nigeria: The Real Issues" organized by The Electoral Institute between 27th and 28th}}
				
			,
	year={2015. July 2015}
		
	

}

@book{b39,
	
	
		,
	title={{Ekiti, Its Discontents and Aspirations, Paper for presentation at a Seminar by the Centre for Democracy and Development}}
		,
	author={{
			OkelloOculi
		}}
		
			,
	year={2014}
			,
	address={CDD, Abuja}
		
	

}

@book{b40,
	
	
		,
	title={{Money and Electoral Violence," in Elections Worth Dying for? A Selection of Case Studies from Africa, International Foundation for Electoral System}}
		,
	author={{
			MagnusOhman
		}}
		
			,
	year={2014}
		
	

}

@book{b41,
	
	
		,
	title={{Dissecting the Anatomy of Fraudulent Elections in Africa: Proposals for Reforming Nigeria 's Electoral Process}}
		,
	author={{
			OkechukwuOko
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@incollection{b42,
	
	
		,
	title={{Changing Perspectives of Nigeria Political Development: From Militarism to incumbency and Godfatherism}}
		,
	author={{
			JOkoye
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Political Studies}}
		
			19
			1
			,
	year={2012. 2012}
		
	

}

@incollection{b43,
	
	
		,
	title={{Glimpses into Mandate Protection in the 2007 Elections in Osun State}}
		,
	author={{
			OlurodeLai
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Direct Capture the 2007 Nigerian Elections and Subversion of Popular Sovereignty}}
				,
	editor={
			IbeanuIbrahim
		}
		
			,
	year={2009}
		
		
			Centre for Democracy and Development
		
	

}

@book{b44,
	
	
		,
	title={{Free readers association [Another Perspective}}
		,
	author={{
			LeighOluwole
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2014}
		
	

}

@incollection{b45,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Electoral Process and Crisis of Legitimacy in Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			MikeOmilusi
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Humanities and Social Science}}
		
			2
			,
	year={2014. 11 November, 2014}
		
	

}

@incollection{b46,
	
	
		,
	title={{From Civil Rule to Militarized Democracy: Emerging Template for Governance in Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			MikeOmilusi
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Politics and Good Governance}}
		
			VI
			6
			,
	year={2015. 2 Quarter II 2015}
		
	

}

@incollection{b47,
	
	
		,
	title={{Elections and Democratic Survival in the Fourth Republic of (Nigeria)}}
		,
	author={{
			SOmodia
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{The Journal of Pan African Studies}}
		
			3
			3
			
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@incollection{b48,
	
	
		,
	title={{Nigeria's 2015 General Elections: Challenges and Opportunities}}
		,
	author={{
			SholaOmotola
		} and {
			CharlesNyuykonge
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Policy and Practice}}
		
			,
	year={2015}
		
	

}

@incollection{b49,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Role of Transport Unions in Election Security}}
		,
	author={{
			IyiolaOni
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Election Security: Stakeholders' Perspectives}}
				,
	editor={
			LaiOlurode
		}
		Abuja, Nigeria
		
			,
	year={2014}
		
		
			Independent National Electoral Commission and Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
		
	

}

@incollection{b50,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Role of Transport Unions in Election Security}}
		,
	author={{
			IyiolaOni
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Security: Stakeholders' Perspectives, Published by Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES)}}
				,
	editor={
			'Olurode
			Lai
		}
		Nigeria
		
			,
	year={2014}
		
	

}

@incollection{b51,
	
	
		,
	title={{Electoral in the Fourth Republic of Nigeria's Democratic Governance}}
		,
	author={{
			SamuelOni
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Developing Country Studies}}
		
			3
			12
			,
	year={2013. 2013}
		
	

}

@book{b52,
	
	
		,
	title={{Post Election Violence in Nigeria: Experiences with the 2011 Elections}}
		,
	author={{
			NkwachukwuOrji
		} and {
			NkiruUzodi
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2012}
		
	
	,
	note={Published by Policy and Legal Advocacy Centre (PLAC}

}

@incollection{b53,
	
	
		,
	title={{Judicial intervention and Case flow management}}
		,
	author={{
			SRares
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Access to Justice Conference}}
				Johannesburg, South Africa
		
			,
	year={2011. 7-10 July 2011}
		
	

}

@book{b54,
	
	
		
		,
	title={{Report of The Electoral Reform Committee}}
				
			,
	year={2008}
			11
		
	
	,
	note={Report}

}

@book{b55,
	
	
		,
	title={{Security during Nigeria's 2015 National Elections: What Should We Expect from the Police?}}
		,
	author={{
			WilliamRosenau
		} and {
			EmilyMushen
		} and {
			JuliaMcquaid
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2015. March 2015}
			10
		
	
	,
	note={CNA Analysis and Solutions, CNA's Occasional Paper Series}

}

@book{b56,
	
	
		,
	title={{Foreword" in Elections Worth Dying for? A Selection of Case Studies from Africa, International Foundation for Electoral Systems 62. The Economist (2011) Ballots and Bullets: Political Violence Reaches New Heights}}
		,
	author={{
			WilliamRSweeney
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2014. April 14th 2011}
		
	

}

@incollection{b57,
	
	
		,
	title={{Ballot or Bullet: Protecting the Right to Vote in Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			BasilEUgochukwu
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Comparative Research in Law & Political Economy}}
		
			26
			,
	year={2013. 2013}
		
	

}

@incollection{b58,
	
	
		,
	title={{African Governance Report III: Elections and the Management of Diversity United Kingdom}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{UNECA}}
		
			,
	year={2013}
			,
	publisher={Oxford University Press}
		
	

}

@book{b59,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Military and Our Elections}}
		,
	author={{
			Vanguard
		}}
		
			,
	year={2015. 22 December}
		
	

}

@book{b60,
	
	
		,
	author={{
			GaniYoroms
		}}
		,
	title={{Electoral Violence, Arms Proliferations and Electoral Security in Nigeria: Lessons from the Twenty-Fifteen Elections for Emerging Democracies}}
				Karu, Nasarawa State
		
		
			Department of Political Science, Bingham University
		
	

}

@book{b61,
	
	
		,
	title={{Electoral Violence, Arms Proliferations and Electoral Security In Nigeria: Lessons From the Twenty-Fifteen Elections for Emerging Democracies}}
		,
	author={{
			GaniYoroms
		}}
		
			,
	address={Karu, Nasarawa State}
		
		
			Department of Political Science, Bingham University
		
	

}