@incollection{, D1144CEDC0CAE87C73D5D00300F35BEF , author={{Imelda HermilindaAbas} and {Ngoge TableyAmos} and {Abdulrahaman Al-Sumait University}}, journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}}, journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}2191327 } @book{b0, , title={{Motivation to learn. Educational Practices}} , author={{ MBoekaerts }} , year={2008} 10 } @incollection{b1, , title={{Key factors for determining student satisfaction in online courses}} , author={{ DUBollinger } and { TMartindale }} , journal={{International Journal on E-Learning}} 3 1 , year={2004} } @book{b2, , title={{Learning from home in Kibera, during COVID-19: As classrooms remain closed, children continue their education from their Kibera homes. UNICEF for Every Child}} , author={{ ABrown } and { BOtieno }} , year={2020. May 7} } @incollection{b3, , title={{Success of online teaching and learning in higher education Covid-19 Pandemic: A case study Valley View University}} , author={{ SM D NChidambaram }} , journal={{Ghana. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research}} 15 7 , year={2020} } @book{b4, , title={{Qualitative research guidelines project}} , author={{ DCohen } and { BCrabtree }} , year={2006} } @book{b5, , title={{Wuhan Municipal Health and Health Commission's briefing on the current pneumonia epidemic situation in our city}} , author={{ WCommittee } and { C } and { H }} , year={2019. 2019} } @book{b6, , author={{ JWCreswell }} , title={{Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches}} Thousand Oaks, CA , publisher={SAGE} , year={2013} , note={3rd ed.} } @incollection{b7, , title={{Students' perceptions of online courses: The effect of online course experience}} , author={{ RRDobbs } and { CAWaid } and { ADel Carmen }} , journal={{Quarterly Review of Distance Education}} 10 1 , year={2009} } @book{b8, , title={{}} , author={{ JFEubanks } and { HTYeh } and { HTseng }} , year={2018} } @incollection{b9, , title={{Learning Chinese through a twenty-first century writing workshop with the integration of mobile technology in a language immersion elementary school}} , journal={{Computer Assisted Language Learning}} 31 4 } @incollection{b10, , title={{What do unsuccessful online students want us to know}} , author={{ MFetzner }} , journal={{Journal of asynchronous learning networks}} 17 1 , year={2013} } @incollection{b11, , title={{The Effects of Different Levels of Interaction on the Achievement and Motivational Perceptions of College Students in a Web-based Learning Environment}} , author={{ TGao } and { JDLehman }} , journal={{Journal of Interactive Learning Research}} 14 4 , year={2003} } @incollection{b12, , title={{Comparing faculty and student perceptions regarding factors that affect student retention in online education}} , author={{ JGaytan }} , journal={{American Journal of Distance Education}} 29 1 , year={2015} } @incollection{b13, , title={{The digital identity divide: How technology knowledge impacts college students}} , author={{ JGoode }} , journal={{New Media and Society}} 12 3 , year={2010} } @incollection{b14, , title={{Distance education use in rural schools}} , author={{ WHHannum } and { MJIrvin } and { JBBanks } and { TWFarmer }} , journal={{Journal of Research in Rural Education}} 24 3 , year={2009} } @incollection{b15, , title={{Factors associated with student persistence in an online program of study: A review of the literature}} , author={{ CHart }} , journal={{Journal of interactive online learning}} 11 1 , year={2012} } @incollection{b16, , title={{The difference between emergency remote teaching and online learning}} , author={{ CHodges } and { SMoore } and { BLockee } and { TTrust } and { ABond }} , journal={{EDUCAUSE Rev}} , year={2020} } @incollection{b17, , title={{The effects of intrinsic cognitive load and gameplay interest on flow experience reflecting performance progress in a Chinese remote association game}} , author={{ JCHong } and { MYHwang } and { KHTai } and { PHLin }} , journal={{Computer Assisted Language Learning}} , year={2019} } @book{b18, , title={{Barriers to distance education in rural schools. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education}} , author={{ MIrvin } and { WHannum } and { CDe La Varre } and { TFarmer }} , year={2010} 11 } @book{b19, , title={{Education Ministry to Use YouTube and Kenya Education Cloud as Remote Learning Tools}} , author={{ KItimu }} , year={2020. March 18} , note={Techwez} } @incollection{b20, , title={{Faculty actions that result in student satisfaction in online courses}} , author={{ LCJackson } and { SJJones } and { RCRodriguez }} , journal={{Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks}} 14 4 , year={2010} } @incollection{b21, , title={{Digital affordances on We Chat: Learning Chinese as a second language}} , author={{ LJin }} , journal={{Computer Assisted Language Learning}} 31 1-2 , year={2018} } @book{b22, , title={{A predictive study of student satisfaction in online education programs. The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning}} , author={{ Yu-ChunKuo } and { AEWalker } and { BRBelland } and { KESchroder }} , year={2013} 14 } @book{b23, , title={{Research design: Quantitative, qualitative, mixed methods, arts-based, and community based participatory research approaches}} , author={{ PLeavy }} , year={2017} , publisher={The Guilford Press} , address={New York} } @incollection{b24, , title={{A study of investigating learners attitudes toward e-learning}} , author={{ Shu-Sheng &Liaw } and { Hsiu-MeiHuang }} , booktitle={{5th International Conference on Distance Learning and Education IPCSIT}} Singapore , publisher={IACSIT Press} , year={2011. 2011} 12 } @incollection{b25, , title={{Rethinking the digital divide}} , author={{ JLight }} , journal={{Harvard Educational Review}} 71 4 , year={2001} } @book{b26, , title={{From offline to online: challenges and opportunities for entrepreneurship education following the COVID-19 pandemic}} , author={{ ELiguori } and { CWinkler }} , year={2020} , address={Sage, Los Angeles} } @incollection{b27, , title={{Research in crises: Data collection suggestions and practices}} , author={{ XLin } and { ZXu } and { ARainer } and { RRice } and { PSpence } and { RLachlan } and { K }} , booktitle={{Data Collection: Methods, Ethical Issues and Future Directions}} , publisher={Nova Science Publishers, Inc} , year={2017} } @book{b28, , title={{Trends in elearning: Tracking the impact of e-learning at community colleges}} , author={{ FLokken } and { CMullins }} , year={2014} , publisher={Instructional Technology Council} , address={Washington, DC} } @incollection{b29, , title={{Student perceptions of online learning: An analysis of online course evaluations}} , author={{ PLowenthal } and { CBauer } and { KZChen }} , journal={{American Journal of Distance Education}} 29 2 , year={2015} } @incollection{b30, , title={{Selfdirected learning in problem-based learning and its relation to self-regulated learning}} , author={{ SLoyen } and { JMagda } and { RMRikers }} , journal={{Educational Psychology Review}} 20 4 , year={2008} } @book{b31, , title={{University policy vs students' expectations: Investigating students' perceptions of online learning (EJ1084335)}} , author={{ JLuck } and { DRossi }} , year={2015} } @incollection{b32, , title={{Self regulation, goal orientation, and academic achievement of secondary students in online university courses}} , author={{ JMMatuga }} , journal={{Educational technology & society}} 12 3 , year={2009} } @book{b33, , title={{Qualitative Research and Case Study Applications in Education. Revised and Expanded from" Case Study Research in Education}} , author={{ SBMerriam }} , year={1998} , publisher={Jossey-Bass Publishers} , address={San Francisco, CA} } @book{b34, , title={{Student interaction with content in online and hybrid courses: Leading horses to the proverbial water. Informing science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline}} , author={{ MCMurray } and { JPerez } and { DGeist } and { AHedrick }} , year={2013} 16 } @book{b35, , title={{}} , author={{ Murrayft114 } and { Pdf }} } @incollection{b36, , title={{Kenya leads Africa in Smartphone usage}} , author={{ KNamunwa }} , journal={{Business Today}} , year={2019. March 11} } @incollection{b37, , title={{Unbundling faculty roles in online distance education programs}} , author={{ PWNeely } and { JPTucker }} , journal={{International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning}} 11 2 , year={2010} } @incollection{b38, , title={{Students' Learning Experiences and Perceptions of Online Course Content and Interactions}} , author={{ PNorthrup } and { RLee } and { VBurgess }} , booktitle={{Paper presented at ED-MEDIA 2002 World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications}} , booktitle={{ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED}} Denver, CO , year={2002. 2015} 477 75 Walden University , note={Learner perceptions of online interaction. Doctoral Dissertation, College of Education} } @book{b39, , title={{Education responses to COVID-19: Embracing digital learning and online collaboration}} , author={{ Oecd }} , year={2020} } @book{b40, , title={{Comparing student and faculty perceptions of online and traditional courses. The Internet and Higher Education}} , author={{ RROtter } and { SSeipel } and { TGraeff } and { BAlexander } and { CBoraiko } and { JGray } and { KSadler }} 10.1016/j.iheduc.2013.08.001 , year={2013} 19 } @book{b41, , title={{Qualitative evaluation and research methods. 2 nd Ed}} , author={{ MQPatton }} , year={1990} , publisher={Sage Publications} , address={Thousand Oaks, CA, US} } @incollection{b42, , title={{Investigating the building of a WeChat-based community of practice for language teachers' professional development}} , author={{ GYQi } and { YWang }} , journal={{Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching}} 12 1 , year={2018} } @book{b43, , title={{Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers}} , author={{ JRitchie } and { JLewis } and { CMNicholls }} , editor={& Ormston, R.} , year={2013} , publisher={Sage} , address={Thousand Oaks, CA} } @incollection{b44, , title={{Online teaching and learning}} , author={{ MSadiku } and { OAdebo } and { P } and { OMusa } and { S } and { M }} , journal={{International Journals of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering}} 8 2 , year={2018} } @incollection{b45, , title={{E-learning and smart revision portal for Zambian primary and secondary school learners: A digitalized virtual classroom in the COVID-19 era and beyond}} , author={{ EJSintema }} 10.29333/aquademia/8253 , journal={{Aquademia}} 4 2 , year={2020} } @book{b46, , title={{Multiple case study analysis}} , author={{ REStake }} , year={2013} , publisher={Guilford Press} , address={New York NY} } @incollection{b47, , title={{Teaching courses online: A review of the research}} , author={{ MKTallent-Runnels } and { JAThomas } and { WYLan } and { SCooper } and { TCAhern } and { SMShaw } and { XLiu }} , journal={{Review of Educational Research}} 76 1 , year={2006} } @incollection{b48, , title={{3 ways the coronavirus pandemic could reshape education}} , author={{ GTam } and { DEl-Azar }} , journal={{World Economic Forum. Available at}} , year={2020} } @incollection{b49, , title={{Constructing an emergency Chinese curriculum during the pandemic: A New Zealand experience}} , author={{ DWang } and { MEast }} 10.46451/ijclt.2020.06.01 , journal={{International Journal of Chinese Language Teaching}} 1 1 , year={2020} } @book{b50, , title={{Enhancing beginner learners' oral proficiency in a flipped Chinese foreign language classroom}} , author={{ JWang } and { NAn } and { CWright }} , year={2018} 31 Computer Assisted Language Learning } @book{b51, , title={{Current world population}} , author={{ Worldometer }} , year={June 26, 2021} , note={Retrieved} } @book{b52, , title={{Case study research: Design and methods}} , author={{ RKYin }} , year={2014} , publisher={Sage publications} , address={Thousand Oaks, CA} } @incollection{b53, , title={{Online tutorial support in open and distance learning: students' perceptions}} , author={{ WZhang } and { KPerris } and { LYeung }} 10.1111/j.1467-8535.2004.00492.x 36: 789 804 , journal={{British Journal of Educational Technology}} , year={2005} }