@incollection{, 5F05A95509453BDF9FA20FC23A4FD2BE , author={{IsaacShearn} and {Michael J.Heckenberger} and {Coppin State University}}, journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}}, journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}204115 } @incollection{b0, , booktitle={{N 1393 W 1197: ADE area; Early Dubali I complex 93 -95 cm 5330 +/-40 BP}} 2 } @incollection{b1, , title={{}} BP 6270-5990 , journal={{Cal}} } @incollection{b2, , booktitle={{Test Pit: non-ADE}} , year={2009} 2 } @incollection{b3, , title={{}} , journal={{Hitia Test Pit}} 1 } @book{b4, , title={{Kaikuchen Trench 1; large circular mound}} } @book{b5, , title={{Post-Dubali complex 90 -100 cm 3030 +/-30 BP}} , author={{ IIDubali }} } @incollection{b6, , title={{Notes: * palm fruit, all others are wood charcoal}} BP 3340-3160 (3250 , journal={{Cal}} } @book{b7, , title={{}} , author={{ ** Cmbd }} , note={cm below datum (arbitrary vertical control point} } @incollection{b8, , title={{Unmanned Small Format Aerial Photography From Kites Acquiring Large-Scale, High-Resolution, Multiview-Angle Imagery. International Archives of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial}} , author={{ JamesSAber } and { WSusan } and { FiroozaAber } and { Pavri }} , journal={{Information Sciences}} 34 1 , year={2002} } @incollection{b9, , title={{The Amazonian formative: Crop domestication and anthropogenic soils}} , author={{ Arroyo-Kalin }} , journal={{Diversity}} 2 4 , year={2010} } @book{b10, , title={{}} , author={{ WilliamLBalée }} , year={2010} } @book{b11, , title={{Long-term anthropic influences on the diversity of amazonian land scapes and biota. Diversity, Special Issue}} , address={Basel, Switzerland} } @book{b12, , author={{ WilliamLBalée } and { ClarkLErickson }} , title={{Time and complexity in historical ecology: studies in the neotropical lowlands}} , publisher={Columbia University Press} , year={2006} } @incollection{b13, , title={{How pristine are tropical forests? An ecological perspective on the pre-Columbian human footprint in Amazonia and implications for contemporary conservation}} , author={{ JosBarlow } and { TobyAGardner } and { AlexanderCLees } and { LukeParry } and { CarlosAPeres }} , journal={{Biological Conservation}} 151 1 , year={2012} } @incollection{b14, , title={{}} , author={{ RichardLBurger } and { RobertMRosenswig }} , journal={{Early New World Monumentality}} , year={2012} , publisher={University Press of Florida} } @incollection{b15, , title={{Environmental impact of geometric earthwork construction in pre-Columbian Amazonia}} , author={{ JohnCarson } and { BronwenSFrancis } and { FrancisEWhitney } and { JoséMayle } and { HeikoIriarte } and { JDanielPrümers } and { JenniferSoto } and { Watling }} , journal={{Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}} 111 29 , year={2014} } @book{b16, , title={{}} , author={{ CharlesClement } and { MichellyDe Cristo-Araújo } and { GeoCoppens D'eeckenbrugge } and { AlessandroAlvesPereira } and { DorianePicanço-Rodrigues }} , year={2010} } @incollection{b17, , title={{Origin and Domestication of Native Amazonian Crops}} , journal={{Diversity}} 2 1 72 } @incollection{b18, , title={{The domestication of Amazonia before European conquest}} , author={{ CharlesRClement } and { MWilliam } and { MichaelJDenevan } and { AndréHeckenberger } and { EduardoGBraga Junqueira } and { Neves } and { GWenceslau } and { WilliamITeixeira } and { Woods }} , journal={{Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences}} 282 , year={2015. 1812} } @incollection{b19, , title={{A Bluff Model of Riverine Settlement in Prehistoric Amazonia}} , author={{ WilliamMDenevan }} , booktitle={{Cultivated landscapes of Native Amazonia and the Andes: triumph over the soil}} , year={1996. 2001} 86 } @incollection{b20, , title={{Semi-intensive Pre-European Cultivation and the Origins of Anthropogenic Dark Earths in Amazonia}} , author={{ Uk NewOxford } and { York }} , booktitle={{Amazonian Dark Earths: Explorations in Space and}} , editor={ BTime WIGlaser Woods } Berlin , publisher={Springer} , year={2003} 12 } @book{b21, , author={{ RobertADull } and { JRichard } and { WilliamINevle } and { DennisKWoods } and { ShiriBird } and { WilliamMAvnery } and { Denevan }} , title={{The Columbian Encounter and the Little Ice Age: Abrupt Land Use Change, Fire, and}} , year={2010} } @incollection{b22, , title={{Greenhouse Forcing}} , journal={{Annals of the Association of American Geographers}} 100 4 } @book{b23, , title={{The historical ecology of a complex landscape in Bolivia. Time and complexity in historical ecology: Studies in the Neotropical Lowlands}} , author={{ ClarkLErickson } and { WilliamBalée }} , year={2006} } @incollection{b24, , title={{}} , author={{ CliffordEvans } and { BettyMeggers }} , journal={{Archeological investigations in British Guiana}} , editor={U.S. Govt. Print. Off} , year={1960} } @book{b25, , title={{The early Mesoamerican village}} , author={{ KentFlannery }} , year={1976} , publisher={Academic Press} , address={New York} } @book{b26, , title={{}} , author={{ MichaelJHeckenberger } and { JChristianGeorge Simon } and { NeilLRussell } and { Whitehead }} , year={2012} } @book{b27, , title={{Berbice Archaeology Project: Report on 2011 Investigations. the Amerindian Research Unit}} Youth, and Sport, Georgetown, Guyana Department of Anthropology, University of Guyana and the Ministry of Culture ; Department of Anthropology and Land-Use and Environmental Change Institute, University of Florida } @incollection{b28, , title={{}} , author={{ MichaelHeckenberger } and { EduardoGóesNeves }} , journal={{Amazonian Archaeology. Annual Review of Anthropology}} 38 1 , year={2009} } @incollection{b29, , title={{The origins of Amazonian landscapes: Plant cultivation, domestication and the spread of food production in tropical South America}} , author={{ JoseIriarte } and { SarahElliott } and { SYoshiMaezumi } and { DaianaAlves } and { ReginaGonda } and { MarkRobinson } and { JonasGregorio De } and { JenniferSouza } and { JosephineWatling } and { Handley }} , journal={{Quaternary Science Reviews}} 248 106582 , year={2020} } @incollection{b30, , title={{Late Holocene Neotropical agricultural landscapes: phytolith and stable carbon isotope analysis of raised fields from French Guianan coastal savannahs}} , author={{ JoséIriarte } and { BrunoGlaser } and { JenniferWatling } and { AdamWainwright } and { Jago JonathanBirk } and { DelphineRenard } and { StéphenRostain } and { DoyleMckey }} , journal={{Journal of Archaeological Science}} 37 12 , year={2010} } @incollection{b31, , title={{Our mother the cayman, our father the gourd: Spinden revisited or a unitary model for the emergence of agriculture in the New World}} , author={{ DonaldWLathrap }} , booktitle={{Origins of Agriculture. 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Nature in culture in ancient Brazil}} , author={{ ColinMcewan } and { CristianaBarreto } and { EduardoNeves }} , year={2001} , publisher={British Museum Press} , address={London} } @book{b33, , title={{New approaches to pre-Columbian raised-field agriculture: the ecology of seasonally flooded savannas, and living raised fields in Africa}} , author={{ DoyleMckey } and { DelphineRenard } and { AnneZangerlé } and { JoseIriarte } and { KisayAdame } and { ElenaSuarezJimenez } and { AxelleSolibiéda } and { MélisseDurécu } and { MarionComptour } and { StéphenRostain } and { ChristineRaimond }} , year={2014} , note={as windows on the past and future} } @book{b34, , title={{}} , author={{ DoyleMckey } and { StéphenRostain } and { JoséIriarte } and { BrunoGlaser } and { Jago JonathanBirk }} , address={Irene Holst, and} } @incollection{b35, , title={{Pre-Columbian agricultural landscapes, ecosystem engineers, and selforganized patchiness in Amazonia}} , author={{ DelphineRenard }} , journal={{Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}} 107 17 , year={2010} } @incollection{b36, , title={{Sparse Pre-Columbian Human Habitation in Western Amazonia}} , author={{ CHMcmichael } and { DRPiperno } and { MBBush } and { MRSilman } and { ARZimmerman } and { MFRaczka } and { LCLobato }} , journal={{Science}} 336 6087 , year={2012} } @incollection{b37, , title={{Wilderness and biodiversity conservation}} , author={{ RAMittermeier } and { CGMittermeier } and { TMBrooks } and { JDPilgrim } and { WRKonstant } and { GA BDa Fonseca } and { CKormos }} , journal={{Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}} 100 18 , year={2003} } @incollection{b38, , title={{The archaeology of agriculture in ancient Amazonia}} , author={{ JoséROliver }} , booktitle={{The Handbook of South American Archaeology}} , publisher={Springer} , year={2008} } @incollection{b39, , title={{Qin Dahe, and Purnamita Dasgupta}} , author={{ RajendraKPachauri } and { VicenteRMyles R Allen } and { JohnBarros } and { WolfgangBroome } and { RenateCramer } and { Christ } and { AJohn } and { LeonChurch } and { Clarke }} , booktitle={{Climate change 2014: synthesis report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Ipcc}} , year={2014} } @incollection{b40, , title={{Amazonia and the Anthropocene: What was the spatial extent and intensity of human landscape modification in the Amazon Basin at the end of prehistory?}} , author={{ DoloresRPiperno } and { CrystalMcmichael } and { MarkBBush }} , journal={{The Holocene}} 25 10 , year={2015} } @book{b41, , title={{The origins of agriculture in the lowland neotropics}} , author={{ DoloresRPiperno } and { DeborahMPearsall }} , year={1998} , publisher={Academic Press} , address={San Diego} } @book{b42, , title={{The archaeology of Guyana}} , author={{ MarkGPlew }} , year={2005} , publisher={Archaeopress} } @book{b43, , title={{Resource management in Amazonia: Indigenous and folk strategies}} , author={{ DAPosey } and { WBalée }} , year={1989} , publisher={New York Botanical Garden} , address={New York} } @book{b44, , title={{A mid-Holocene climate reconstruction for eastern South America}} , author={{ LucianePrado } and { IllainaWainer } and { ChristianoChiessi } and { Marie-PierreLedru } and { BrunoTurcq }} , year={2013} } @incollection{b45, , title={{Ecological engineers ahead of their time: The functioning of pre-Columbian raisedfield agriculture and its potential contributions to sustainability today}} , author={{ DRenard } and { Iriarte } and { SBirk } and { Rostain } and { DGlaser } and { Mckey }} , journal={{Ecological Engineering}} 45 , year={2012a} } @incollection{b46, , title={{Origin of mound-field landscapes: a multi-proxy approach combining contemporary vegetation, carbon stable isotopes and phytoliths}} , author={{ DelphineRenard } and { Jago JonathanBirk } and { BrunoGlaser } and { JoséIriarte } and { GillesGrisard } and { JohannesKarl } and { DoyleMckey }} , journal={{Plant and Soil}} 351 1 , year={2012b} } @incollection{b47, , title={{Eighth Millennium Pottery from a Prehistoric Shell Midden in the Brazilian Amazon}} , author={{ ACRoosevelt } and { RAHousley } and { MImazio Da Silveira } and { SMaranca } and { RJohnson }} , journal={{Science}} 254 , year={1991} } @incollection{b48, , title={{Early pottery in the Amazon. Twenty years of scholarly obscurity. In The emergence of pottery}} , author={{ AnnaCRoosevelt }} , booktitle={{2013 The Amazon and the Anthropocene}} , editor={ WKBarnett JWHoopes } Washington and London , publisher={Smithsonian Institution Press} , year={1995} 38 } @book{b49, , title={{Agricultural Earthworks on the French Guiana Coast}} , author={{ StéphenRostain }} , editor={Handbook of South American Archaeology. H. Silverman, and William Isbell} , year={2008a} , publisher={Springer} , address={New York} } @book{b50, , title={{The Archaeology of the Guianas: An Overview}} , editor={Handbook of South American Archaeology. H. Silverman, and William H. Isbell} , year={2008b} , publisher={Springer} , address={New York} } @incollection{b51, , title={{Islands in the rainforest: Landscape management in pre-Columbian Amazonia}} , author={{ Pre-Columbian }} 331. 42 , journal={{Coastal Amazonia. Diversity}} 2 3 , year={2012} , publisher={Left Coast Press} } @incollection{b52, , title={{Sacred Geographies of Ancient Amazonia: Historical ecology of social complexity}} , author={{ DenisePSchaan }} , journal={{New Frontiers in Historical Ecology}} 1 , year={2012} } @incollection{b53, , title={{Ceramic Innovation at Dubulay, an Early Agricultural Village in the Middle Berbice}} , author={{ IsaacShearn } and { MichaelHeckenberger } and { GeorgeSimon }} , journal={{Guyana. Archaeology and Anthropology}} 21 , year={2017} } @book{b54, , title={{Mid-Holocene Climate of Tropical South America: A Model-Data Approach. In Past Climate Variability in South America and Surrounding Regions: From the Last Glacial Maximum to the}} , author={{ SilvaDias } and { PedroLBruno Turcq } and { MariaAssunção } and { FSilvaDias } and { PascaleBraconnot } and { TatianaJorgetti }} , editor={Holocene. F. Vimeux, F. Sylvestre, and M. Khodri} , year={2009} , publisher={Springer} , address={Dordrecht; Netherlands} } @incollection{b55, , title={{Deciphering earth mound origins in central Brazil}} , author={{ LucasCrSilva } and { DGabriel } and { RicardoFVale } and { LeonelHaidar } and { Sternberg }} , journal={{Plant and Soil}} 336 1-2 , year={2010} } @incollection{b56, , title={{The Global Extent and Determinants of Savanna and Forest as Alternative Biome States}} , author={{ AStaver } and { SallyCarla } and { SimonAArchibald } and { Levin }} , journal={{Science}} 334 6053 , year={2011} } @incollection{b57, , title={{Materializing the past among the Lokono (Arawak) of the Berbice River}} , author={{ NeilLWhitehead } and { JMichael } and { GeorgeHeckenberger } and { Simon }} , journal={{Guyana. Antropológica}} 54 114 , year={2010} } @book{b58, , title={{Prehistoric Guiana}} , author={{ DenisWilliams }} , year={2003} , publisher={Ian Randle Publishers} , address={Kingston, Jamaica} } @incollection{b59, , title={{How "Virgin" Is Virgin Rainforest?}} , author={{ KJWillis } and { LGillson } and { TMBrncic }} , journal={{Science}} 304 5669 , year={2004} } @book{b60, , title={{Amazonian dark earths: Wim Sombroek's vision}} , author={{ WilliamIWoods } and { GWenceslau } and { JohannesTeixeira } and { ChristophLehmann } and { AntoinetteWinklerSteiner } and { LilianPrins }} , year={2009} , publisher={Springer} } @incollection{b61, , title={{The Anthropogenic Origin and Persistence of Amazonian Dark Earths}} , author={{ WilliamIWoods } and { JosephMMccann }} , journal={{Conference of Latin Americanist Geographers}} 25 , year={1999} , note={Yearbook} }