@incollection{, FF8321B353F7D882F0BF2C41F4643531 , author={{Dr. Yasser A.Gomaa} and {Dr. Yasser A.Gomaa} and {}}, journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}}, journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}128115 } @book{b0, , title={{Euphemism and dysphemism : language used as shield and weapon}} , author={{ KAllan } and { KBurridge }} , year={1991} , publisher={Oxford University Press} , address={New York} } @book{b1, , title={{Forbidden words: taboo and the censoring of language}} , author={{ KAllan } and { KBurridge }} , year={2006} , publisher={Cambridge University Press} , address={Cambridge, UK; New York} } @book{b2, , title={{Introductory readings on language}} , author={{ WLAnderson } and { NCStageberg }} , editor={Holt, Rinehart and Winston} , year={1966} , address={New York} } @book{b3, , title={{}} , author={{ JAyto }} , year={1993} , address={London; Bloomsbury} } @book{b4, , title={{The careful writer : a modern guide to English usage}} , author={{ TMBernstein }} , year={1965} , publisher={Atheneum} , address={New York} } @book{b5, , author={{ TBlount }} , title={{Glossographia, 1656. Menston, Yorks: Scolar P}} , year={1969} } @book{b6, , title={{Words in everyday life}} , author={{ GLBrook }} , year={1981} , publisher={Macmillan Press} , address={London, Eng} } @book{b7, , title={{Metaphors we die by : conceptualizations of death in English and their implications for the theory of metaphor}} , author={{ BBultinck }} , year={1998} , address={Wilrijk, Belgium} Universiteit Anwerpen [sic], Universitaire Instelling Antwerpen, Departement Germaanse, Afdeling Linguïstiek } @incollection{b8, , title={{An Outline History of Euphemisms in English}} , author={{ RBurchfield }} , booktitle={{Fair of Speech: The Uses of Euphemisms}} , editor={ DJEnright } , year={1985} } @book{b9, , title={{}} , author={{ Oxford }} , publisher={Oxford University Press} } @incollection{b10, , title={{Towards a new approach to the linguistic definition of euphemism}} , author={{ CasasGomez } and { M }} , journal={{Lang. Sci. Language Sciences}} 22 6 , year={2009} } @book{b11, , title={{Social Linguistics}} , author={{ YChen }} , year={1983} , publisher={Academia Press. Interpretation. Anthropological Linguistics} 37 , address={Shanghai} } @incollection{b12, , title={{The language of death: Euphemism and conceptual metaphorization in Victorian obituaries}} , author={{ ECFernández }} , journal={{Sky Journal of Linguistics}} 19 , year={2006} } @book{b13, , title={{The golden bough : a study in magic and religion}} , author={{ JGFrazer }} , year={1980} , publisher={Macmillan} , address={London} } @book{b14, , title={{Totem and taboo; some points of agreement between the mental lives of savages and neurotics}} , author={{ SFreud }} , year={1952} , address={New York; Norton} } @incollection{b15, , title={{Anthropological Analysis of Death Euphemism}} , author={{ GXGao } and { HZWei }} , journal={{Journal of Hebei Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition}} 05 , year={2004} } @book{b16, , title={{}} , author={{ RMGorrell } and { CGLaird } and { MUrie }} , year={1988} } @book{b17, , title={{Modern English rhetoric and handbook}} , publisher={Prentice-Hall} , address={Englewood Cliffs, N.J.} } @book{b18, , title={{Logic and conversation}} , author={{ HPGrice }} , year={1975} } @incollection{b19, , title={{A linguistic Approach to Euphemism}} , author={{ TQGu }} , journal={{Journal of China West Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)}} 01 , year={2006} } @book{b20, , title={{How language works}} , author={{ MEHeatherington }} , year={1980} } @book{b21, , title={{}} , author={{ MassCambridge }} , publisher={Winthrop Publishers} } @book{b22, , title={{The state of the language: English observed}} , author={{ PHoward }} , year={1986} , publisher={Penguin} , address={London} } @book{b23, , title={{An encyclopedia of swearing : the social history of oaths, profanity, foul language, and ethnic slurs in the English-speaking world}} , author={{ GHughes }} , year={2006} } @book{b24, , title={{}} , author={{ NYArmonk }} , publisher={M.E. Sharpe} } @book{b25, , title={{Growth and structure of the English language}} , author={{ OJesperen }} , year={1956} , address={Oxford: B. Blackwell} } @book{b26, , title={{American-Spanish euphemisms}} , author={{ CEKany }} , year={1960} , publisher={University of California Press} , address={Berkeley} } @book{b27, , title={{}} , author={{ FRKluckhohn } and { FLStrodtbeck }} , year={1961} } @book{b28, , title={{Variations in value orientations}} , address={Evanston, III: Row, Peterson} } @book{b29, , title={{Language and woman's place}} , author={{ RTLakoff }} , year={1975} , publisher={Harper and Row} , address={New York} } @book{b30, , title={{Metaphors we live by}} , author={{ GLakoff } and { Johnson } and { M }} , year={1980} , publisher={University of Chicago Press} , address={Chicago} } @book{b31, , title={{Semantics : the study of meaning}} , author={{ GLeech }} , year={1985} , publisher={Penguin Books} , note={Harmondsworth [u.a} } @book{b32, , title={{Euphemism and Religion. Foreign Languages and Literature}} , author={{ GNLi }} , year={2000} 03 } @incollection{b33, , title={{The Linguistics of Euphemism: A Diachronic Study of Euphemism Formation}} , author={{ KLinfoot-Ham }} , journal={{Journal of Language and Linguistics}} 4 2 , year={2005} } @book{b34, , title={{Softboiled Speech: A Contrastive Analysis of Death Euphemisms in Egyptian Arabic and Chinese April}} } @book{b35, , title={{Incest; the nature and origin of the taboo}} , author={{ ÉDurkheim } and { Ellis } and { A }} , editor={L. Stuart} , year={1963} , address={New York} } @book{b36, , title={{Fair of speech : the uses of euphemism}} , author={{ DJEnright }} , year={1985} , address={Oxford [Oxfordshire} } @book{b37, , title={{Ying yu wei wan yu ci dian =: A dictionary of English euphemisms}} , author={{ MFarghal } and { CLiu } and { Chen } and { H }} , year={1995. 2001} , address={Beijing} , note={Euphemism in Arabic: A Gricean 33. Shan wu yin shu guan} } @incollection{b38, , title={{Towards a Study of the Lexicon of Sex and HIV/AIDS}} , author={{ FMoto }} , journal={{Nordic Journal of African Studies}} 13 3 , year={2004} } @book{b39, , title={{Kind words: a thesaurus of euphemisms}} , author={{ JSNeaman } and { CGSilver }} , year={1983} , publisher={Facts on File Publications} , address={New York, N.Y.} } @book{b40, , title={{A dictionary of euphemisms and other doubletalk : being a compilation of linguistic fig leaves and verbal flourishes for artful users of the English Language}} , author={{ HRawson }} , year={1981} , publisher={Crown Publishers, Inc} , address={New York} } @book{b41, , title={{The development of modern English}} , author={{ SRobertson } and { FGCassidy }} , year={1954} , publisher={Prentice-Hall} , address={New York} } @book{b42, , title={{Using English. teacher's book}} , author={{ PCRobinson }} , year={1983} , publisher={Basil Blackwell} , address={Oxford} } @book{b43, , title={{The ethnography of communication : an introduction}} , author={{ MSaville-Troike }} , year={1984} , publisher={Blackwell} , address={Oxford} } @incollection{b44, , title={{The Role of Metonymy in the Formation of Euphemism in Chinese and English}} , author={{ YLShi } and { JFSheng }} , journal={{Journal of Language Teaching and Research}} 2 5 , year={2011} , note={North America} } @incollection{b45, , title={{Studies on Euphemism: Retrospects and Prospects}} , author={{ DFShu } and { JYXu }} , journal={{Journal of Foreign Languages}} 05 , year={1995} } @book{b46, , author={{ DTarrant }} , title={{The Classical Review New Series}} , year={1952} 2 } @book{b47, , title={{Semantics : an introduction to the science of meaning}} , author={{ SUllmann }} , year={1962} , publisher={Barnes and Noble} 24 , address={New York} } @book{b48, , title={{An introduction to sociolinguistics}} , author={{ RWardhaugh }} , year={1986} , publisher={Blackwell} , address={New York, NY, USA} } @book{b49, , author={{ BWarren }} , title={{WHAT EUPHEMISMS TELL US ABOUT THE INTERPRETATION OF WORDS*}} , year={1992} } @incollection{b50, , title={{}} , journal={{Studia Linguistica}} 46 2 } @book{b51, , title={{A dictionary of modern written Arabic : (Arabic-English)}} , author={{ HWehr } and { JMCowan }} , year={1994} , publisher={Spoken Language Services} , address={Ithaca, N.Y.} } @book{b52, , title={{A brief handbook of English}} , author={{ HWillis } and { EKlammer }} , year={1981} , publisher={Harcourt Brace Jovanovich} , address={New York} } @book{b53, , title={{The Columbia guide to standard American English}} , author={{ KGWilson }} , year={1993} , address={New York: Columbia} }