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\title{Analysis of Human Development in Hyderabad Karnataka Region}
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             \author[1]{Kalakanagouda Po  Patil}

             \author[2]{Dr. Basavaraj S  Benni}

             \affil[1]{  Vijayanagara sri Krishnadevaraya University}

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\date{\small \em Received: 16 December 2019 Accepted: 2 January 2020 Published: 15 January 2020}

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\begin{abstract}
        


The economic growth model of advancement had challenged by the UNDP in its first Human Development Report 1990, which emphasized that individuals, not things, are the abundance of countries, and it is they who ought to be the focal point of an improvement coordinated to ?extending their decisions.? Three fundamental abilities are identified as requirements to a real existence that is rich with potential and the fulfillment of one's goals: the ability to lead long lives, access to information and the boundless vistas that it opens to the questing mind, and the capacity to guarantee for oneself a sensibly decent way of life. Without these assets, individuals' decisions are limited, and life's chances are far off. Human development is the procedure of building these abilities to empower individuals to lead fulfilling and beneficial life. In this regard, present paper aims to know improvements in human development, comparing to other states; concentrates on the status of various dimensions of human development index, and finally, acquiring the status of human development in the Hyderabad Karnataka region at Grama Panchayat level.

\end{abstract}


\keywords{human development, UNDP, HDI, hyderabadkarnataka.}

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\let\tabcellsep& 	 	 		 
\section[{Introduction}]{Introduction}\par
NDP introduced the concept of human development in the 1990s that is accepted worldwide largely.\par
'standardizing human capabilities with concerned to enlarging choices, human development is about creating an environment in which people can develop their full potential and lead productive lives in accordance with their needs and interests' (UNDP HDR 2001)\par
The three major components of human development are longevity: or the capacity to live a healthy and a long life; education: ability to read, write and acquire knowledge and skills; and command over economic resources sufficient to provide a decent standard of living. Once these capabilities are ensured, then other opportunities in life will follow. Other prerequisites are political freedom and guaranteed human rights, which include the promotion of economic and gender equity, as well as social and cultural rights, especially those relating to education, healthcare, food, water, shelter, environment, culture, etc. It is known that public policies should be focused on people's choices and their capabilities, and the policy thrust should be to combat illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, disease, save the lives of mothers and children, and address the inequities caused by gender and caste.\par
The first Human Development Report (HDR), published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 1990, clearly stressed the primary message of every HDR at global, national and sub-national level--the human-centered approach to development--that places the human well-being is the ultimate end. People are the real wealth of a nation. The basic objective of development is to create an enabling environment for people to enjoy long, healthy, and creative lives. It would appear to be a simple truth, but it has often forgotten in the immediate concern with the accumulation of commodities and financial wealth.\par
Human Development is the process of widening people's wishes and their level of well-being. The choices change over time and differ among societies according to their stage of development. The three essentials for people are--to lead a long and healthy life, to acquire knowledge and to have access to the resources needed for a decent standard of living. If these choices are not available, many other opportunities remain inaccessible. Other choices, highly valued by many people, include political, economic, and social freedom, access to opportunities for being creative and productive, and enjoying self-respect and guaranteed human rights.  {\ref (UNDP, 1994} {\ref (UNDP, , 1995))}.\par
The Human Development Index (HDI) is composite measure that measures the overall accomplishments of a region in terms of three basic dimensions of human development--a long and healthy life, knowledge, a well as a decent standard of living health status (measured by longevity), knowledge (measured by literacy and enrolments) and a decent standard of living (measured by per capita income). These three dimensions have measured by life expectancy at birth, educational attainment (adult literacy and the combined gross primary, secondary, and tertiary enrolment ratio), a proxy for a decent standard of living, and as an alternative to all human choices not reflected in the other two dimensions.\par
The Planning Commission of India structured and brought out the first HDR of India in 2001 in which all the Indian states have placed in the order of their achievement in terms of the indicators that shine human development. Therefore, the Planning Commission has also been encouraging state governments to produce their human development reports. Madhya Pradesh was the first state in India to produce an HDR long before the Planning Commission. Karnataka state was the second state to publish such a report in 1999. The other Indian States have come out with their state-level reports, as mentioned below. 
\section[{II.}]{II.} 
\section[{Objectives of the Study}]{Objectives of the Study}\par
The present work investigates the status of human development index value and rank of Karnataka among major Indian states and to know the HDI of Karnataka and various dimensions of HDI across the districts of the state. More specifically, the study focused district wise performance of the Grama panchayats in Karnataka and to know HDI status of Grama panchayats in Hyderabad Karnataka region with compared to state HDI average figures. 
\section[{III.}]{III.} 
\section[{Methodology}]{Methodology}\par
The study is based on mainly secondary data source which has collected from the economic survey of Karnataka 2015-16, Grama panchayat and village HDR report 2015 and, published source to analyze collected data the simple statistical tools have used and to analyze the study Human development index, and other dimensions of the human development such as Living standard index, Health index, and Education index having considerable performance and major role in the selected study area.\par
IV. From the Table, it tends to be the execution of Karnataka in human development has been improving over the long time as far as HDI esteem, despite of brought down positioning situation of 10 of every 2011 (HDI esteem 0.508) when contrasted with 7 (HDI esteem 0.478) in 2001. Arrangement of new States could be one of the purposes behind the difference in positioning position. Among southern states, Karnataka is hardly better than Andhra Pradesh (before the arrangement of Telangana State). In any case, Karnataka is the path behind Kerala (rank 1 st ) and Tamil Nadu (5 th rank). 
\section[{Results and Discussions}]{Results and Discussions}\par
Volume XX Issue V Version I 14 ( E ) There is a wide variety across locale in HDI values, which changes from 0.928 to 0.165. There are contrasts in the execution of specific regions with concerning to three measurements which have performed well in case of some measurements, while others have exceeded expectations in other parameters. 
\section[{Volume XX Issue V Version I}]{Volume XX Issue V Version I}\par
15 ( E )    
\section[{Conclusion}]{Conclusion}\par
The economic development of a country has been traditionally evaluating in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The greater the volume of GDP per capita, the higher the state of growth and prosperity.\par
But, the GDP measure of development completely ignores the welfare of the people. It is not necessarily true that high GDP generates well-being for the people. It is not the volume of GDP per capita, but its distribution that matters much for the standard lives of the people. It is for these reasons that economists like Nobel laureate Amartya Sen, Mahbub Ul Haq, Frances Stewart, Paul Streeten, and others have considered GDP as an inadequate measure of development and instead advocated the concept of human development. With concern to this statement, the present study gets significance to identify the status of the human development index of Karnataka across districts and scenario Grama Panchayats of Hyderabad Karnataka with relating to the Human development index status with respect to state average human development index of Karnataka. \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{1} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.19657097288676234\textwidth}P{0.11523125996810206\textwidth}P{0.033891547049441785\textwidth}P{0.11929824561403508\textwidth}P{0.033891547049441785\textwidth}P{0.15996810207336523\textwidth}P{0.033891547049441785\textwidth}P{0.12065390749601276\textwidth}P{0.03660287081339713\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep 1981\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1991\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2001\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2011\tabcellsep \\
States/UTs\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep Value\tabcellsep Rank\tabcellsep Value\tabcellsep Rank\tabcellsep Value\tabcellsep Rank\tabcellsep Value\tabcellsep Rank\\
Andhra Pradesh\tabcellsep 0.298\tabcellsep 9\tabcellsep 0.377\tabcellsep 9\tabcellsep 0.416\tabcellsep 10\tabcellsep 0.485\tabcellsep 11\\
Assam\tabcellsep 0.272\tabcellsep 10\tabcellsep 0.348\tabcellsep 10\tabcellsep 386\tabcellsep 14\tabcellsep 0.474\tabcellsep 12\\
Bihar\tabcellsep 0.237\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep 0.308\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep 0.367\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep 0.447\tabcellsep 18\\
Gujarat\tabcellsep 0.36\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 0.431\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 0.479\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 0.514\tabcellsep 8\\
Haryana\tabcellsep 0.36\tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 0.443\tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 0.509\tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 0.545\tabcellsep 5\\
Karnataka\tabcellsep 0.346\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 0.412\tabcellsep 7\tabcellsep 0.478\tabcellsep 7\tabcellsep 0.508\tabcellsep 10\\
Kerala\tabcellsep 0.5\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0.591\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0.638\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0.625\tabcellsep 1\\
M. Pradesh\tabcellsep 0.245\tabcellsep 14\tabcellsep 0.328\tabcellsep 13\tabcellsep 0.394\tabcellsep 12\tabcellsep 0.451\tabcellsep 16\\
Maharashtra\tabcellsep 0.363\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0.452\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 0.523\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 0.549\tabcellsep 4\\
Orissa\tabcellsep 0.267\tabcellsep 11\tabcellsep 0.345\tabcellsep 12\tabcellsep 0.404\tabcellsep 11\tabcellsep 0.442\tabcellsep 19\\
Punjab\tabcellsep 0.411\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 0.475\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 0.537\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 0.569\tabcellsep 2\\
Rajasthan\tabcellsep 0.256\tabcellsep 12\tabcellsep 0.347\tabcellsep 11\tabcellsep 0.424\tabcellsep 9\tabcellsep 0.468\tabcellsep 14\\
TamilNadu\tabcellsep 0.343\tabcellsep 7\tabcellsep 0.466\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0.531\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0.544\tabcellsep 6\\
UttarPradesh\tabcellsep 0.255\tabcellsep 13\tabcellsep 0.314\tabcellsep 14\tabcellsep 0.388\tabcellsep 13\tabcellsep 0.468\tabcellsep 13\\
WestBengal\tabcellsep 0.305\tabcellsep 8\tabcellsep 0.404\tabcellsep 8\tabcellsep 0.472\tabcellsep 8\tabcellsep 0.509\tabcellsep 9\\
All India\tabcellsep 0.302\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0.38\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0.472\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 0.504\tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{4}{l}{Source: Economic Survey 2015-16}\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_0}Table 1 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{2} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.29791960507757403\textwidth}P{0.10490126939351199\textwidth}P{0.03956276445698166\textwidth}P{0.09950634696755994\textwidth}P{0.030571227080394923\textwidth}P{0.12228490832157969\textwidth}P{0.030571227080394923\textwidth}P{0.08991537376586742\textwidth}P{0.0017983074753173485\textwidth}P{0.03296897038081806\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Karnataka, 2011}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
District\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Living Standard Index Value Rank}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Health Index Value Rank}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Education Index Value Rank}\tabcellsep Value\tabcellsep HDI\tabcellsep Rank\\
Bagalkot\tabcellsep 0.191\tabcellsep 25\tabcellsep 0.49\tabcellsep 23\tabcellsep 0.605\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep 0.384\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 24\\
Ballari\tabcellsep 0.404\tabcellsep 11\tabcellsep 0.24\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 0.459\tabcellsep 26\tabcellsep 0.354\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 25\\
Belagavi\tabcellsep 0.296\tabcellsep 18\tabcellsep 0.556\tabcellsep 19\tabcellsep 0.55\tabcellsep 19\tabcellsep 0.449\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 18\\
Bengaluru Rural\tabcellsep 0.636\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0.713\tabcellsep 11\tabcellsep 0.483\tabcellsep 25\tabcellsep 0.603\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 7\\
Bengaluru Urban\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0.919\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 0.868\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0.928\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 1\\
Bidar\tabcellsep 0.189\tabcellsep 26\tabcellsep 0.653\tabcellsep 12\tabcellsep 0.646\tabcellsep 10\tabcellsep 0.43\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 19\\
Chamarajnagar\tabcellsep 0.234\tabcellsep 22\tabcellsep 0.607\tabcellsep 17\tabcellsep 0.452\tabcellsep 27\tabcellsep 0.401\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 22\\
Chikkaballapur\tabcellsep 0.34\tabcellsep 16\tabcellsep 0.619\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep 0.545\tabcellsep 20\tabcellsep 0.486\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 16\\
Chikkamagaluru\tabcellsep 0.446\tabcellsep 8\tabcellsep 0.815\tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 0.677\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 0.627\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 5\\
Chitradurga\tabcellsep 0.246\tabcellsep 21\tabcellsep 0.445\tabcellsep 24\tabcellsep 0.523\tabcellsep 22\tabcellsep 0.386\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 23\\
Dakshina Kannada\tabcellsep 0.647\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 0.848\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0.6\tabcellsep 16\tabcellsep 0.691\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 2\\
Davanagere\tabcellsep 0.396\tabcellsep 13\tabcellsep 0.523\tabcellsep 22\tabcellsep 0.71\tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 0.528\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 14\\
Dharwad\tabcellsep 0.539\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 0.564\tabcellsep 18\tabcellsep 0.748\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 0.61\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 6\\
Gadag\tabcellsep 0.208\tabcellsep 23\tabcellsep 0.307\tabcellsep 27\tabcellsep 0.67\tabcellsep 7\tabcellsep 0.35\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 26\\
Hassan\tabcellsep 0.355\tabcellsep 15\tabcellsep 0.819\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 0.657\tabcellsep 9\tabcellsep 0.576\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 9\\
Haveri\tabcellsep 0.196\tabcellsep 24\tabcellsep 0.542\tabcellsep 21\tabcellsep 0.629\tabcellsep 11\tabcellsep 0.406\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 21\\
Kalaburagi\tabcellsep 0.256\tabcellsep 20\tabcellsep 0.398\tabcellsep 25\tabcellsep 0.659\tabcellsep 8\tabcellsep 0.407\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 20\\
Kodagu\tabcellsep 0.527\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 0.743\tabcellsep 8\tabcellsep 0.727\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 0.658\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 4\\
Kolar\tabcellsep 0.43\tabcellsep 9\tabcellsep 0.612\tabcellsep 16\tabcellsep 0.61\tabcellsep 14\tabcellsep 0.543\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 11\\
Koppal\tabcellsep 0.183\tabcellsep 27\tabcellsep 0.197\tabcellsep 29\tabcellsep 0.613\tabcellsep 13\tabcellsep 0.28\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 28\\
Mandya\tabcellsep 0.287\tabcellsep 19\tabcellsep 0.741\tabcellsep 9\tabcellsep 0.556\tabcellsep 18\tabcellsep 0.491\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 15\\
Mysuru\tabcellsep 0.532\tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 0.543\tabcellsep 20\tabcellsep 0.524\tabcellsep 21\tabcellsep 0.533\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 12\\
Raichur\tabcellsep 0.179\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 0.11\tabcellsep 30\tabcellsep 0.231\tabcellsep 29\tabcellsep 0.165\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 30\\
Ramanagar\tabcellsep 0.402\tabcellsep 12\tabcellsep 0.728\tabcellsep 10\tabcellsep 0.517\tabcellsep 23\tabcellsep 0.533\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 13\\
Shivamogga\tabcellsep 0.458\tabcellsep 7\tabcellsep 0.774\tabcellsep 7\tabcellsep 0.597\tabcellsep 17\tabcellsep 0.596\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 8\\
Tumakuru\tabcellsep 0.33\tabcellsep 17\tabcellsep 0.649\tabcellsep 13\tabcellsep 0.489\tabcellsep 24\tabcellsep 0.471\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 17\\
Udupi\tabcellsep 0.405\tabcellsep 10\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 0.76\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 0.675\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 3\\
Uttara Kannada\tabcellsep 0.372\tabcellsep 14\tabcellsep 0.776\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 0.624\tabcellsep 12\tabcellsep 0.565\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 10\\
Vijayapura\tabcellsep 0.144\tabcellsep 29\tabcellsep 0.624\tabcellsep 14\tabcellsep 0.4\tabcellsep 28\tabcellsep 0.33\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 27\\
Yadgir\tabcellsep 0.084\tabcellsep 30\tabcellsep 0.389\tabcellsep 26\tabcellsep 0.23\tabcellsep 30\tabcellsep 0.196\tabcellsep \tabcellsep 29\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{5}{l}{Source: GP and Village HDR Report 2015}\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Table 2 Presents the HDI esteems over regions}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{of Karnataka. Table moreover gives dimensional list}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{esteem at the area level. This give bits of knowledge on}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{the measurement in which a specific area is performing}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
better or poor.\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_1}Table 2 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{3} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.2776733254994124\textwidth}P{0.12385428907168038\textwidth}P{0.09788484136310223\textwidth}P{0.1917743830787309\textwidth}P{0.15881316098707401\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Number of Grama Panchayaths}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Percentage of Grama Panchayaths}\\
District\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\tabcellsep Above the State\tabcellsep Below the State\tabcellsep Above the State\tabcellsep Below the State\\
\tabcellsep Average HDI\tabcellsep Average HDI\tabcellsep Average HDI\tabcellsep Average HDI\\
Bagalkot\tabcellsep 16\tabcellsep 181\tabcellsep 8.12\tabcellsep 91.88\\
Ballari\tabcellsep 44\tabcellsep 153\tabcellsep 22.34\tabcellsep 77.66\\
Belagavi\tabcellsep 164\tabcellsep 324\tabcellsep 33.61\tabcellsep 66.39\\
Bengaluru ( R)\tabcellsep 102\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 98.08\tabcellsep 1.92\\
Bengaluru (U)\tabcellsep 93\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\tabcellsep 0\\
Bidar\tabcellsep 10\tabcellsep 172\tabcellsep 5.49\tabcellsep 94.51\\
Chamarajanagar\tabcellsep 61\tabcellsep 68\tabcellsep 47.29\tabcellsep 52.71\\
Chikkaballapura\tabcellsep 69\tabcellsep 87\tabcellsep 44.23\tabcellsep 55.77\\
Chikkamagaluru\tabcellsep 188\tabcellsep 36\tabcellsep 83.93\tabcellsep 16.07\\
Chitradurga\tabcellsep 48\tabcellsep 137\tabcellsep 25.95\tabcellsep 74.05\\
Dakshina Kannada\tabcellsep 206\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\tabcellsep 0\\
Davanagere\tabcellsep 152\tabcellsep 70\tabcellsep 68.47\tabcellsep 31.53\\
Dharwad\tabcellsep 97\tabcellsep 46\tabcellsep 67.83\tabcellsep 32.17\\
Gadag\tabcellsep 9\tabcellsep 113\tabcellsep 7.38\tabcellsep 92.62\\
Hassan\tabcellsep 199\tabcellsep 65\tabcellsep 75.38\tabcellsep 24.62\\
Haveri\tabcellsep 67\tabcellsep 154\tabcellsep 30.32\tabcellsep 69.68\\
Kalaburagi\tabcellsep 8\tabcellsep 252\tabcellsep 3.08\tabcellsep 96.92\\
Kodagu\tabcellsep 98\tabcellsep 3\tabcellsep 97.03\tabcellsep 2.97\\
Kolar\tabcellsep 95\tabcellsep 59\tabcellsep 61.69\tabcellsep 38.31\\
Koppal\tabcellsep 18\tabcellsep 134\tabcellsep 11.84\tabcellsep 88.16\\
Mandya\tabcellsep 164\tabcellsep 67\tabcellsep 71\tabcellsep 29\\
Mysuru\tabcellsep 235\tabcellsep 23\tabcellsep 91.09\tabcellsep 8.91\\
Raichur\tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 173\tabcellsep 2.81\tabcellsep 97.19\\
Ramanagara\tabcellsep 94\tabcellsep 32\tabcellsep 74.6\tabcellsep 25.4\\
Shimoga\tabcellsep 244\tabcellsep 23\tabcellsep 91.39\tabcellsep 8.61\\
Tumakuru\tabcellsep 148\tabcellsep 183\tabcellsep 44.71\tabcellsep 55.29\\
Udupi\tabcellsep 148\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\tabcellsep 0\\
Uttara Kannada\tabcellsep 174\tabcellsep 57\tabcellsep 75.32\tabcellsep 24.68\\
Vijayapura\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 208\tabcellsep 0.95\tabcellsep 99.05\\
Yadgir\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 118\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
Total\tabcellsep 2958\tabcellsep 2940\tabcellsep 50.15\tabcellsep 49.85\end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_2}Table 3 :}\end{figure}
 \begin{figure}[htbp]
\noindent\textbf{4} \par 
\begin{longtable}{P{0.2273532152842498\textwidth}P{0.19962721342031686\textwidth}P{0.07050326188257222\textwidth}P{0.10298229263746504\textwidth}P{0.12357875116495806\textwidth}P{0.12595526561043802\textwidth}}
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Number of Grama Panchayaths}\tabcellsep \multicolumn{2}{l}{Percentage of Grama Panchayaths}\\
District\tabcellsep Taluka\tabcellsep Above the\tabcellsep Below the\tabcellsep Above the\tabcellsep Below the\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep State Average\tabcellsep State Average\tabcellsep State Average\tabcellsep State Average\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep HDI\tabcellsep HDI\tabcellsep HDI\tabcellsep HDI\\
\tabcellsep Ballari\tabcellsep 16\tabcellsep 22\tabcellsep 42.11\tabcellsep 57.89\\
\tabcellsep Hadagalli\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 22\tabcellsep 15.38\tabcellsep 84.62\\
\tabcellsep Hagaribommanahalli\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 20\tabcellsep 9.09\tabcellsep 90.91\\
Ballari\tabcellsep Hospet\tabcellsep 6\tabcellsep 16\tabcellsep 27.27\tabcellsep 72.73\\
\tabcellsep Kudligi\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 34\tabcellsep 5.56\tabcellsep 94.44\\
\tabcellsep Sandur\tabcellsep 12\tabcellsep 14\tabcellsep 46.15\tabcellsep 53.85\\
\tabcellsep Siruguppa\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 25\tabcellsep 7.41\tabcellsep 92.59\\
\tabcellsep Aurad\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 38\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
\tabcellsep Basavakalyan\tabcellsep 2\tabcellsep 35\tabcellsep 5.41\tabcellsep 94.59\\
Bidar\tabcellsep Bhalki\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 39\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
\tabcellsep Bidar\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 30\tabcellsep 11.76\tabcellsep 88.24\\
\tabcellsep Humnabad\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 30\tabcellsep 11.76\tabcellsep 88.24\\
\tabcellsep Afzalpur\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 26\tabcellsep 3.7\tabcellsep 96.3\\
\tabcellsep Aland\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 47\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
\tabcellsep Chincholi\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 36\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
Kalaburagi\tabcellsep Chitapur\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 43\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
\tabcellsep Kalaburagi\tabcellsep 5\tabcellsep 36\tabcellsep 12.2\tabcellsep 87.8\\
\tabcellsep Jevargi\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 39\tabcellsep 2.5\tabcellsep 97.5\\
\tabcellsep Sedam\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 25\tabcellsep 3.85\tabcellsep 96.15\\
\tabcellsep Gangawati\tabcellsep 10\tabcellsep 32\tabcellsep 23.81\tabcellsep 76.19\\
Koppal\tabcellsep Koppal Kushtagi\tabcellsep 7 0\tabcellsep 31 36\tabcellsep 18.42 0\tabcellsep 81.58 100\\
\tabcellsep Yelbarga\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 35\tabcellsep 2.78\tabcellsep 97.22\\
\tabcellsep Devadurga\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 33\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
\tabcellsep Lingsugur\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 38\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
Raichur\tabcellsep Manvi\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 37\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
\tabcellsep Raichur\tabcellsep 1\tabcellsep 33\tabcellsep 2.94\tabcellsep 97.06\\
\tabcellsep Sindhnur\tabcellsep 4\tabcellsep 32\tabcellsep 11.11\tabcellsep 88.89\\
Yadgir\tabcellsep Shahpur\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 38\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
\tabcellsep Shorapur\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 42\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
\tabcellsep Yadgir\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 38\tabcellsep 0\tabcellsep 100\\
\tabcellsep Total\tabcellsep 85\tabcellsep 1002\tabcellsep 8.49\tabcellsep 91.50\\
\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \multicolumn{3}{l}{Source: GP and Village HDR Report 2015}\\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{The above table analyses the status human}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{development of gram panchayats in Hyderabad}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Karnataka Region across the districts with concern to}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Karnataka state average HDI, here in Hyderabad}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{3}{l}{Karnataka region out of 1087 gram panchayats 85 and}\tabcellsep \tabcellsep \tabcellsep \\
\multicolumn{5}{l}{8.V.}\tabcellsep \end{longtable} \par
 
\caption{\label{tab_3}Table 4 :}\end{figure}
 			\footnote{Year 2020 © 2020 Global Journals Analysis of Human Development in Hyderabad Karnataka Region} 		 		\backmatter  			  				\begin{bibitemlist}{1}
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\bibitem[ Bidar District Human Development Report ()]{b7}\label{b7} 	 		\textit{},  	 	 		\textit{Bidar District Human Development Report}  		2014.  	 
\bibitem[ Koppal District Human Development Report ()]{b8}\label{b8} 	 		\textit{},  	 	 		\textit{Koppal District Human Development Report}  		2014.  	 
\bibitem[ Yadgiri District Human Development Report ()]{b9}\label{b9} 	 		\textit{},  	 	 		\textit{Yadgiri District Human Development Report}  		2014.  	 
\bibitem[Gp and Hdr ()]{b5}\label{b5} 	 		\textit{},  		 			Village Gp 		,  		 			Hdr 		.  		2015.  	 
\bibitem[Sen (2000)]{b1}\label{b1} 	 		‘A Decade of Human Development’.  		 			Amartya Sen 		.  	 	 		\textit{Journal of Human Development}  		2000. February. 1  (1)  p. .  	 
\bibitem[Subramanian ()]{b3}\label{b3} 	 		‘Determinants of Human Development’.  		 			Subramanian 		.  	 	 		\textit{Human Development and Economic Development}  		RuddarDutt (ed.)  		2003. Deep and Deep Publication Private Limited.  	 
\bibitem[Economic survey of Karnataka]{b4}\label{b4} 	 		\textit{Economic survey of Karnataka},  		p. .  	 
\bibitem[Human Well-Being: Socio-Economic Indicators -AGlobal Study Krishna Mazumdar ()]{b2}\label{b2} 	 		‘Human Well-Being: Socio-Economic Indicators -AGlobal Study’.  	 	 		\textit{Krishna Mazumdar}  		2001.  	 
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\end{document}
