@incollection{,
	
					
					
					57F3B1D50B0A2D58F1195D9A1E297382
					,
	note={Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal}
				,
	author={{Chijioke, BasilOnuoha} and {Ebong, ItoroBassey} and {HenryUfomba} and {University of Uyo,}},
	journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}},
	journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS,
	address={Cambridge, United States},
	publisher={Global Journals Organisation}1835570
}

@incollection{b0,
	
	
		,
	title={{Big Oil, Rural Poverty and Environmental Degradation in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			KAaron
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health}}
		
			5
			8
			
			,
	year={2005}
		
	

}

@incollection{b1,
	
	
		,
	title={{Human Right Violation and International Degradation in the Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			KAaron
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Activity Human Rights}}
				,
	editor={
			ElizabethPorter
			BadenOxford
		}
		New York
		
			,
	publisher={Port Harcourt Golden Education Publisher}
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}

@incollection{b2,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil exploration and spillage in the Niger Delta of Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			AKAdati
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Civil and Environmental Research}}
		
			2
			3
			
			,
	year={2012}
		
	

}

@incollection{b3,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Niger Delta Crisis, Issues, Challenges and Prospects}}
		,
	author={{
			LAfinotan
		} and {
			VOjakorotu
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Africa Journal of Political Science and International Relation}}
		
			1
			6
			9
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@incollection{b4,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Implication of Oil Spillage on the thermal properties of soil samples in the Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			GAkpabio
		} and {
			AGeorge
		} and {
			EAkpan
		} and {
			IObot
		}}
		
		
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Southern Nigeria. Achieves of Applied Science Research}}
		
			12
			24
			
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b5,
	
	
		,
	title={{Conflict in Nigeria Niger Delta: Issues and Management}}
		,
	author={{
			NAkpan
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{International Journal of Sciences}}
		
			12
			8
			
			,
	year={2005}
		
	

}

@book{b6,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil Spillage in the Nigeria Niger Delta, Psychomorphological and Empirical Overview; International Association of Impact Assessment}}
		,
	author={{
			EAkpofure
		}}
		
			,
	year={2008}
		
	
	,
	note={Opulence Environmental Services Ltd}

}

@book{b7,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Uses of Hindsight as Foresight: Reflection on Niger Delta and Nigeria History}}
		,
	author={{
			EAlogoe
		}}
		
			,
	year={2004}
			,
	publisher={Onyioma Research Publication}
			,
	address={Port Harcourt}
		
	

}

@incollection{b8,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil exploration in Nigeria: Its Socio Economic Impact on Host Communities}}
		,
	author={{
			JAmadi
		} and {
			STamuno
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{African Journal of Environmental Studies}}
		
			2
			9
			
			,
	year={2001}
		
	

}

@book{b9,
	
	
		,
	title={{Nigerian Population in Niger Delta Oil Firm, Fish Farmer Fight}}
		,
	author={{
			EAmaize
		}}
		
			,
	year={2012}
		
	

}

@incollection{b10,
	
	
		,
	title={{}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Available at Allafrica.com. Retrieved}}
		
			,
	year={10 February, 2012}
		
	

}

@incollection{b11,
	
	
		,
	title={{Lagos: Department of Petroleum Industry}}
		,
	author={{
			LAmu
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Lagos Resources (DPR) Annual Report}}
		
			191
			,
	year={2006}
		
	
	,
	note={A Review of Nigeria Petroleum Industry}

}

@book{b12,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil of Poverty in the Niger Delta. A Publication of the African Network for Environmental and Economic Justice}}
		,
	author={{
			JAnee
		}}
		
			,
	year={2004}
			,
	address={Port Harcourt}
		
	

}

@incollection{b13,
	
	
		,
	title={{Case Study iv -Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			LCAnukam
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Water pollution control: A guide to the use of water quality management principle}}
				,
	editor={
			RHelmer
			Hespanhol
		}
		Washington DC; UNEP
		
			,
	publisher={WHO}
			,
	year={2000}
		
	

}

@book{b14,
	
	
		,
	title={{Akwa Ibom State, Fulfillment of Dream National Museum}}
		,
	author={{
			VAttah
		}}
		
			,
	year={2001}
			,
	address={Uyo}
		
		
			Publication Sponsored by Akwa Ibom State Government
		
	

}

@book{b15,
	
	
		,
	title={{Impact of Oil on a Development Country: The Case of Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			JAtairet
		}}
		
			,
	year={2005}
			,
	publisher={Praeger}
			,
	address={New York}
		
	

}

@book{b16,
	
	
		,
	title={{Conflict and Instability in the Niger Delta: The Warn Case. Lagos: Academic Associate Peace Work}}
		,
	author={{
			CBassey
		}}
		
			,
	year={2002}
		
	

}

@book{b17,
	
	
		,
	title={{Environmental Degradation and it Implication on Regional Peace and Conflict: Dynamics in the Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			JBisina
		}}
		
			,
	year={2001}
		
	
	,
	note={Paper presented at the Niger Delta Environment round table in Port Harcourt}

}

@book{b18,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil and Corporate Reckless in Nigeria Niger Delta Region Panbalizuka News Global Policy Forum}}
		,
	author={{
			JBisina
		}}
		
			,
	year={2004. 29 July. Accessed on May 31. 2013}
		
	

}

@book{b19,
	
	
		,
	title={{Niger Delta Crisis and the Principle of Derivation; the Morning Star Express}}
		,
	author={{
			SBrigg
		}}
		
			,
	year={2005. Nov 12}
		
	

}

@incollection{b20,
	
	
		,
	title={{Hydrocarbon exploration, Environmental Degradation and poverty: the Niger Delta Experience}}
		,
	author={{
			ACelestine
		}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Diffuse Pollution Conference}}
				Dublin
		
			,
	year={2003}
		
	

}

@incollection{b21,
	
	
		,
	title={{The impact of oil spill in the ecology and economy of the Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			AChinda
		} and {
			ABraid
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Proceedings of the Workshop on Sustainable Remediation Development Technology held at the Institutes of Pollution Studies}}
				the Workshop on Sustainable Remediation Development Technology held at the Institutes of Pollution Studies
		
			,
	year={2000}
		
		
			Rivers State University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt
		
	

}

@book{b22,
	
	
		,
	title={{Breaking the Conflict trap: Civil War and Development Policy}}
		,
	author={{
			PCollier
		}}
		
			,
	year={2000}
			,
	publisher={The World Bank}
			,
	address={Washington}
		
	

}

@book{b23,
	
	
		,
	title={{Niger Delta and the oil Industry in Nigeria: A trilateral Assessment}}
		,
	author={{
			BDouglas
		} and {
			YBinuomoyo
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2008}
			,
	publisher={Lagos University Press}
			,
	address={Lagos}
		
	

}

@book{b24,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil Multinationals and the Niger Delta Crisis: Issues and Perspectives. Abuja: Thumbs-Prints International Company}}
		,
	author={{
			EDuru
		}}
		
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@book{b25,
	
	
		,
	title={{The South South, Middle Belt Atlantic. The pioneer Newspapers}}
		,
	author={{
			CEbong
		}}
		
			,
	year={2005. May 9}
		
	

}

@incollection{b26,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil Spill Control and Management}}
		,
	author={{
			SEgwu
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Petroleum Technology Development Journal Quarterly}}
		
			19
			3
			
			,
	year={2012}
		
	

}

@book{b27,
	
	
		,
	title={{Politics, Oil Wealth and Crisis of Development: Nigeria's Fifty years of Oil Stain and Infamy}}
		,
	author={{
			OEke
		}}
		
			,
	year={2010}
			,
	publisher={Willy Rose and Appeased publishing Copy}
			,
	address={Abakaliki}
		
	

}

@book{b28,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil and Niger Delta Crisis}}
		,
	author={{
			PEkongson
		}}
		
			,
	year={2006}
			,
	publisher={Afanghide Publication}
			,
	address={Uyo}
		
	

}

@book{b29,
	
	
		,
	title={{Niger Delta on the verge of Lasting Peace. The Punch}}
		,
	author={{
			SEkpe
		}}
		
			,
	year={2009. October 7, 2009}
		
	

}

@incollection{b30,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Niger Delta and Oil Politics}}
		,
	author={{
			UEkpo
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Lagos: International Energy Comment Ltd}}
		
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b31,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil Induced Environmental Degradation in the Niger Delta: the Multiplier Effects}}
		,
	author={{
			PEregha
		} and {
			RIrughu
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Sustainable Development}}
		
			18
			12
			
			,
	year={2009}
		
	

}

@book{b32,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Problem With Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			LEssien
		}}
		
			,
	year={2005}
			,
	publisher={CATS Publisher}
			,
	address={Calabar}
		
	

}

@book{b33,
	
	
		,
	title={{Minority Politics in Nigeria: The Case of the South South and Middle Belt Regions}}
		,
	author={{
			AEtekpe
		}}
		
			,
	year={2005}
			,
	publisher={Kamuela Publications}
			,
	address={Port Harcourt}
		
	

}

@book{b34,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Nigerian State, Oil Exploration Community Interest: Issues and Perspective}}
		,
	author={{
			AEteng
		}}
		
			,
	year={2010}
			,
	publisher={University Press}
			,
	address={Port Harcourt}
		
	

}

@incollection{b35,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Plight of Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			JEtuk
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Lagos. Asbot Graphics}}
		
			,
	year={2004}
		
	

}

@incollection{b36,
	
	
		,
	title={{Volume of Oil Spilled Annually. Unpublished Statistic}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Federal Office of Statistic}}
		
			,
	year={2012}
		
	

}

@book{b37,
	
	
		,
	title={{the Impact of Oil Exploration and Production Activities on the Environment, a Workshop Organized by Federick Elbert Foundation}}
		,
	author={{
			Gbadegesin
		}}
		
			,
	year={2000}
			,
	address={Port Harcourt}
		
	

}

@book{b38,
	
	
		,
	title={{Shell Withheld Reserves Data and Aid Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			JGerith
		} and {
			LLaban
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2003}
			,
	publisher={Times Publishers}
			,
	address={New York}
		
	

}

@book{b39,
	
	
		,
	title={{Global Water Resource Issues. Cambridge}}
		,
	author={{
			JGodon
		} and {
			DJames
		} and {
			CJohn
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2004}
			,
	publisher={Cambridge University Press}
		
	

}

@book{b40,
	
	
		,
	title={{Issues in the problem of youth restiveness. The Niger Delta Context'' in Nwanna Nzewunwa etal (eds)}}
		,
	author={{
			BGrigi
		}}
		
			,
	year={2007}
			,
	publisher={New Owerri Spring Field Publishers Ltd}
			,
	address={Owerri}
		
	
	,
	note={Social Studies foundations, methods and contemporary Social Problems}

}

@book{b41,
	
	
		,
	title={{Pollution: Causes, Effects and Control}}
		,
	author={{
			RHarrison
		}}
		
			,
	year={2001}
			,
	publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry}
			,
	address={Cambridge}
		
	
	,
	note={th ed}

}

@book{b42,
	
	
		,
	title={{Understanding the Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			AIbaba
		}}
		
			,
	year={2001}
			,
	publisher={Tival Publishers}
			,
	address={Port Harcourt}
		
	

}

@book{b43,
	
	
		,
	title={{Environmental Protection Laws and Sustainable Development in the Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			SIIbaba
		}}
		
			,
	year={2010}
			,
	publisher={Africana Fep Publishers}
		
	

}

@incollection{b44,
	
	
		,
	title={{Communal Conflicts and Population Displacement in Nigeria: An Exploration Analysis}}
		,
	author={{
			OIdumu
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{A Research Report. Enugu: PA CREP}}
		,
	editor={Okniudiba, U. (}
		
			,
	year={2008}
		
	
	,
	note={ed) Communal Conflict and Population Displacement in Nigeria}

}

@book{b45,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Legal Framework for Solid Waste Disposal and Management in Niger Delta Region}}
		,
	author={{
			HOIjaiya
		}}
		,
	editor={Harcourt. CASS 46. Ikelegbe, A.}
		
			,
	year={2013. 2010}
			,
	publisher={Golden Education Publisher}
			,
	address={Uyo}
		
	
	,
	note={Oil Resources Conflict and the Past Conflict Transition in the Niger Delta}

}

@book{b46,
	
	
		,
	title={{The effect of oil spillage on crop yield and from income in Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			EInoni
		} and {
			DOmotor
		} and {
			FAdua
		}}
		
		
		
			,
	year={2013}
			,
	publisher={Ibadan University Press}
			,
	address={Ibadan}
		
	

}

@book{b47,
	
	
		,
	title={{Relative Deprivation: Specification, Development and integration}}
		,
	author={{
			WLain
		} and {
			GHeather
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2001}
			,
	publisher={Cambridge University Press}
			,
	address={Cambridge}
		
	

}

@incollection{b48,
	
	
		,
	title={{Environmental Impact of Pipeline Vandalization on the Nigerian Landscape: The Case of the Niger Delta Region}}
		,
	author={{
			MLawal
		} and {
			TEse
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Human Ecology}}
		
			39
			1
			
			,
	year={2012}
		
	

}

@book{b49,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Niger Delta Question}}
		,
	author={{
			SMbata
		}}
		
			,
	year={2004}
			,
	publisher={Prime Publication}
			,
	address={Lagos}
		
	

}

@book{b50,
	
	
		,
	title={{Perception and Reality: Assessing Priorities for sustainable development in}}
		,
	author={{
			YMoffot
		} and {
			LOlof
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2000}
			,
	publisher={Oxford University Press}
			,
	address={Niger Delta Oxford}
		
	

}

@book{b51,
	
	
		,
	title={{Ecology Concepts and applications 3 rd Edition}}
		,
	author={{
			MCMoller
		}}
		
			,
	year={2005}
			,
	publisher={McGraw-H.U Companies Inc}
			,
	address={New York}
		
	

}

@incollection{b52,
	
	
		,
	title={{Environmental Protection in Oil producing area of Niger Delta Basin, Niger Emperial assessment of Trends and People's Perception}}
		,
	author={{
			ANdubusi
		} and {
			OAsia
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Environmental Research Journal}}
		
			11
			4
			
			,
	year={2007}
		
	

}

@book{b53,
	
	
		,
	title={{Neocolonization and Oil exploration in the Niger delta}}
		,
	author={{
			BNnaa
		}}
		
			,
	year={2007}
			,
	address={University of Port Harcourt}
		
	
	,
	note={unpublished Thesis Work}

}

@book{b54,
	
	
		,
	title={{Impact of Oil Exploration And Exploitation on the Niger Delta Region: Environmental Perspective. Five Decade Oil Production of Nigeria: Impact on Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			UNwabuenyi
		}}
		
			,
	year={2012}
		
	

}

@book{b55,
	
	
		,
	title={{Centre of for Environment and Niger Delta Studies}}
		,
	author={{
			Ibadan
		}}
		
			,
	publisher={Ibadan University Press}
			,
	address={Ibadan}
		
	

}

@book{b56,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil and Gas Law in Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			YOmorogbe
		}}
		
			,
	year={2003}
			,
	publisher={Lagos Malthouse Press Ltd}
		
	

}

@book{b57,
	
	
		,
	title={{Democratization and Development in the Niger Delta. A Paper Presented at Conference on Development of the Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			DOmoweh
		}}
		
			,
	year={2001. December 10-12}
			,
	address={Port Harcourt}
		
	

}

@incollection{b58,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil Induced Environmental Degradation and Internal Population Displacement to the Nigeria's Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			OOpukri
		} and {
			IIbaba
		}}
		
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of sustainable development in Africa}}
		,
	editor={59. Owabukereyele, W.}
		
			1
			7
			
			,
	year={2008. 2000}
		
		
			Lund University Sweden
		
	
	,
	note={Hydrocarbon exploitation, Environmental Degradation and Poverty in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. Paper Presented at the Lumes Programme}

}

@incollection{b59,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil Transnational Companies and the Nigerian State}}
		,
	author={{
			LOwugah
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Journal of Contemporary Social Issues}}
		
			4
			7
			
			,
	year={2002}
		
	

}

@incollection{b60,
	
	
		,
	title={{Oil Trans-nationals, State and Development in the Oil Producing Communities of the Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			LOwugah
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Third World Network Africa}}
		
			,
	year={2006}
		
	

}

@book{b61,
	
	
		,
	title={{New York. Pearson Education. Tell Magazine (2008) 50 Years of Oil Exploration in Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			RSchaefer
		}}
		
			,
	year={2008a. February 18}
		
	
	,
	note={Racial and Ethnic Groups}

}

@book{b62,
	
	
		,
	title={{50 Years of Oil Exploration in Nigeria, Tell Magazine}}
		,
	author={{
			RSchaefer
		}}
		
			,
	year={2008b. February 18}
		
	

}

@incollection{b63,
	
	
		,
	title={{Engineering Chemistry}}
		,
	author={{
			BKSharma
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Krishna Prakashan Media. India: PVT. Ltd Meerut}}
		
			,
	year={2000}
		
	

}

@book{b64,
	
	
		,
	title={{Conflict and Instability in the Niger Delta: A Warn Case. Lagos: Academic Associate Peace Work}}
		,
	author={{
			OUdoh
		} and {
			CBassey
		}}
		
		
			,
	year={2010}
		
	

}

@incollection{b65,
	
	
		,
	title={{Delta State in Maps. An occasional publication series of the Department of Geography and Regional Planning Delta State University}}
		,
	author={{
			BUgbomeh
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Abraka. Journal of Agriculture and sustainability}}
		
			28
			14
			
			,
	year={2008}
		
	
	,
	note={Odermerho}

}

@incollection{b66,
	
	
		,
	title={{The impact of Environmental Management, Case of Eastern Obolo, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Pol}}
		,
	author={{
			JUkpatu
		}}
	
	
		,
	journal={{Science and Public Administration}}
		
			,
	year={2001}
		
	
	,
	note={PGD thesis (unpublished}

}

@book{b67,
	
	
		,
	title={{Environmental Assessment of Ogoni Land. Available at www.unep.org/nigeria. Retrieved on}}
		
			,
	year={2011. 17th August, 2017}
		
	
	,
	note={United Nation Environmental Program}

}

@incollection{b68,
	
	
		,
	title={{United Nation's Development Programme}}
	
	
		,
	booktitle={{Niger Delta Development Human Report}}
				
			,
	year={2006}
		
	
	,
	note={Report}

}

@book{b69,
	
	
		,
	title={{Blood oil; the Anatomy of a Petro Insurgence in the Niger Delta. Niger Delta Economics of violence working Paper}}
		,
	author={{
			MWatts
		}}
		
			,
	year={2008}
		
	

}

@book{b70,
	
	
		,
	title={{Hydrocarbon exploration, Environmental Degradation and poverty in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			SOWorgu
		}}
		
			,
	year={2000}
		
		
			Lund, Sweeden. Lund University Lumes Programme
		
	

}

@book{b71,
	
	
		,
	title={{Environmental Economic Study of the Niger Delta: Report on Niger Delta}}
		,
	author={{
			WorldBank
		}}
		
			,
	year={2000}
			,
	publisher={Golden Education Publisher}
			,
	address={Uyo}
		
	

}

@book{b72,
	
	
		,
	title={{The Boiling Point, the Crisis in the Oil Producing Communities in Nigeria}}
		,
	author={{
			NWumi
		}}
		
			,
	year={2002}
			,
	publisher={CDHR}
			,
	address={Lagos}
		
	

}