@incollection{, 0E2DBE4B3D9BB9C0D7957C0FCFE8122A , author={{Janice E.Hale}}, journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}}, journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}1673140 } @book{b0, , title={{}} , author={{ KAlexander } and { Cook } and { EMcdill }} , year={1978} } @book{b1, , title={{Curriculum, tracking and educational stratification: Some further evidence}} , publisher={American Sociological Review43} } @incollection{b2, , title={{Schools, achievement, and inequality: A seasonal perspective}} , author={{ KLAlexander } and { DREntwisle } and { LSOlson }} , journal={{Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis}} 23 2 , year={2001} } @incollection{b3, , title={{Early childhood education: Investing in quality makes sense}} , journal={{Research Points}} 3 2 , year={2005. October 19, 2006} , publisher={American Educational Research Association} , note={Fall)} } @incollection{b4, , title={{Cognitive styles and multicultural populations}} , author={{ JAAnderson }} , journal={{Journal of Teacher Education}} 29 , year={1988} } @incollection{b5, , title={{Examining the effects of field dependence-independence on learner's problemsolving performance and interaction with a computer modeling tool: Implications for the design of joint cognitive systems}} , author={{ CAngeli }} , journal={{Computers & Education}} , year={2013} } @incollection{b6, , title={{Development of field dependent-field independent cognitive style and other cognitive functions in school children}} , author={{ YArya } and { RMishra }} , journal={{Social Science International}} 28 2 , year={2012} } @book{b7, , title={{The development of cultural congruence in relation to African American student achievement. 3268130 Temple University}} , author={{ LBailey }} , year={2007} , publisher={ProQuest Dissertations & Theses} , address={Ann Arbor} } @incollection{b8, , title={{A culturally sensitive analysis of Black learning style}} , author={{ YRBell }} , journal={{Journal of Black Psychology}} 20 47 , year={1994} } @incollection{b9, , title={{Mathematics standards, cultural styles and learning preferences: The plight and promise of African American students}} , author={{ RBerry }} DOL: 10.10 80/00098650309602013 , journal={{Clearing House}} 78 5 , year={2003. May/June} } @incollection{b10, , title={{The impact of grading standards on student achievement, educational attainment, and entry-level earnings}} , author={{ JBetts } and { JGrogger }} , journal={{Economics of Education Review}} 22 , year={2003} } @incollection{b11, , title={{African American giftedness: Our nation's deferred dream in}} , author={{ FredABonner }} , journal={{Journal of Black Studies}} 30 5 , year={2000. May} } @incollection{b12, , title={{Comprehensive school reform and achievement: A meta-analysis}} , author={{ GBorman } and { GHewes } and { LOverman } and { SBrown }} , journal={{Review of Educational Research}} 73 2 , year={2003} } @incollection{b13, , title={{In Search of Cultural Themes and Their Expression in the Dynamics of Classroom Life}} , author={{ ABoykin } and { OMiller }} , booktitle={{Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association}} March, Chicago , year={1997} } @incollection{b14, , title={{Research on the selffulfilling prophecy and teacher expectations in}} , author={{ JereEBrophy }} , journal={{Journal of the American Psychological Association}} 75 5 , year={1983. Oct, 1983} , note={Journal of Educational Psychology} } @incollection{b15, , title={{Calculus by the dozen: A retention program for undergraduates}} , author={{ MBrown }} , booktitle={{Conference on Black Student Retention}} Atlanta, Georgia , year={1986. November} } @book{b16, , title={{Learning style-based teaching to raise minority student test scores: There's no debate! Clearing House}} , author={{ KBurke } and { RDunn }} , year={2002} 76 } @book{b17, , title={{Early childhood education for all: A wise Investment. Recommendations from the Legal Momentum's Family Initiative and the MIT Workplace Center conference}} , author={{ LCalman } and { LTarr-Whelan }} , year={2005. April. October 12. 2006} } @book{b18, , title={{Learning style characteristics and learning activity preferences of African-American adult learners in rehabilitation counseling master of science Programs. 3256989 University of Northern Colorado}} , author={{ CCantrell }} , year={2006} , publisher={ProQuest Dissertations and Theses} , address={Ann Arbor} } @incollection{b19, , title={{The relationship between verve and the academic achievement of African American students in reading and mathematics in an urban middle school}} , author={{ NCarter }} , journal={{Education Foundations}} 22 2 , year={2008} } @book{b20, , title={{Sorting Black Students for success and failure: The inequality of ability grouping and tracking. Urban League Review}} , author={{ EChunn }} , year={1988. 1987-88} 11 , note={number 1-2; pages 93-106; Summer-Winter} } @book{b21, , title={{Dark Ghetto: Dilemma of Social Power}} , author={{ KClarke }} , year={1965} , publisher={Harper and Row} , address={New York} } @incollection{b22, , title={{Federal oversight, local control, and the spector of "resegregation" in southern schools}} , author={{ CClodfelter } and { JVigdor } and { HLadd }} , journal={{American Law and Economics Review}} 8 2 , year={2006} } @incollection{b23, , title={{Using cultural competence to close the achievement Gap}} , author={{ PCoggins } and { SCampbell }} , journal={{The Journal of Pan African Studies}} 2 4 , year={2008} } @book{b24, , title={{Conceptual styles, culture conflict and nonverbal tests of intelligence}} , author={{ RCohen }} , year={1969} } @book{b25, , title={{}} , author={{ AmericanAnthropologist71 }} } @incollection{b26, , title={{Creating schools of child development and education In the USA: Teacher preparation for urban schools}} , author={{ JComer } and { VMaholmes }} , journal={{Journal of Education for Teaching}} , year={1999} } @book{b27, , title={{The Pecking Order: Which siblings succeed and why}} , author={{ DConley }} , year={2004} , address={N.Y.} , note={Random House} } @book{b28, , title={{After the educational success}} , editor={Conley, D. & Albright, K.} , year={2012} , publisher={Routledge Advances in Sociology} , address={London, New York} } @incollection{b29, , title={{Left brain, right brain: Facts and fantasies}} , author={{ MCorballis }} , journal={{Plos Biology}} 12 1 , year={2014} } @incollection{b30, , title={{Maternal parenting characteristics and School involvement: Predictors of kindergarten cognitive competence among Head Start Children}} , author={{ ACulp } and { LHubbs-Tait } and { ECulp } and { HStarost }} , journal={{Journal of Research in Childhood Education}} 15 1 , year={2000} } @book{b31, , title={{The silenced dialogue: Power and pedagogy in educating other people's children in Harvard Education Review}} , author={{ LDelpit }} , year={1988} 58 } @incollection{b32, , title={{Education in a multicultural society: Our future's greatest challenge}} , author={{ LDelpit }} , journal={{Journal of Negro Education}} 61 , year={1992} } @book{b33, , title={{Other people's children: Cultural conflict in the classroom}} , author={{ LDelpit }} , year={2006} , publisher={The New Press} , address={New York} } @book{b34, , title={{The Souls of Black Folk. Originally written 1903}} , author={{ WE BDubois }} , year={1997} , publisher={Fawcett Publications} , address={Greenwich, Conn} } @incollection{b35, , title={{Teacher's expectations and sense of responsibility for student learning: The importance of race, class and organizational habitus}} , author={{ JDiamond } and { ARandolph } and { JSpillane }} , journal={{Anthropology and Education Quarterly}} 35 1 , year={2004} } @book{b36, , title={{Opening the dialogue: Using culture as a tool in teaching young African American children in The Reading Teacher}} , author={{ DDiller }} , year={1999} 52 } @incollection{b37, , title={{Gains in standardized test scores: Evidence of diminishing returns in achievement}} , author={{ DDrisoll } and { DHalcoussis } and { S&svorny }} , journal={{Economics of Education Review}} 27 , year={2008} } @book{b38, , title={{an family socioeconomic resources account for racial and ethnic test score gaps? The Future of Children}} , author={{ GDuncan } and { KMagnuson }} , year={2004} 15 } @incollection{b39, , title={{Culture and learning style: A perspective on African American school Children's written literacies}} , author={{ GDuskins }} , booktitle={{Proceedings from National Association of African American Studies}} from National Association of African American Studies , year={2012} } @book{b40, , title={{}} , author={{ Scarborough }} } @book{b41, , title={{Learning styles and the African American student}} , author={{ BDurodoye }} , year={1995} 116 } @book{b42, , title={{No Child Left Behind? An Analysis of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and the relevance of cultural frameworks in its implication for underachieving African American students}} , author={{ VEmeka }} , year={2006} , address={Chicago. Ann Arbor} 3212960 Loyola University , note={ProQuest Dissertations & Thesis} } @book{b43, , title={{Understanding and addressing racial disparities in high achieving suburban schools}} , author={{ RFerguson }} UD 035 541 , year={2002} , note={Report} , note={What doesn't meet the eye} } @book{b44, , title={{Central Regional Educational Laboratory. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 474390)}} Oak Brook, IL } @incollection{b45, , title={{Is there a difference in learning style among cultures}} , author={{ DFierro }} , journal={{ERIC document ED}} 415 974 , year={1997} } @incollection{b46, , title={{Do high grading standards affect student performance}} , author={{ DFiglio } and { MLucas }} , journal={{Journal of Public Economics}} 88 , year={2004} } @incollection{b47, , title={{Taking foreigh languages in high school}} , author={{ JFinn }} , journal={{Foreign Language Annals}} 31 , year={1998} } @incollection{b48, , title={{Small 229 classes in the early grades and course taking in high school}} , author={{ JFinn } and { JFox } and { MMcclellan } and { CAchilles } and { JBoyd-Zaharius }} , journal={{International Journal of Education Policy and Leadership}} 1 1 , year={2006. November 17. 2008} } @incollection{b49, , title={{Black students' school successes: Coping with the burden of acting white}} , author={{ SFordham } and { JOgbu }} , journal={{The Urban Review}} 18 3 , year={1986} } @incollection{b50, , title={{Social experiences and daily routines of African American infants in different socioeconomic contexts}} , author={{ HFouts } and { JRoopnarine } and { MLamb }} , journal={{Journal of Family Psychology}} 4 , year={2007. December, 21} } @incollection{b51, , title={{The role of program quality in producing early childhood program benefits}} , author={{ EFrede }} , journal={{The Future of Children}} 5 3 , year={1995} } @incollection{b52, , title={{The role of teacher relationships in the lives of students}} , author={{ KFredriksen } and { JRhodes }} , journal={{New Directions for Youth Development}} 103 , year={2004} } @incollection{b53, , title={{The effect of school resources on student achievement}} , author={{ RGreenwald } and { LHedges } and { RLaine }} , journal={{Review of Educational Research}} 66 3 , year={1996. 1982} } @book{b54, , title={{Author}} , year={1986} } @book{b55, , title={{Author}} , year={2001} } @book{b56, , title={{Author}} , year={2016} } @incollection{b57, , title={{Putting education into preschools}} , author={{ RHaskins }} , booktitle={{Generational change: Closing the test score gap}} , editor={ PEPeterson } , year={2006} } @book{b58, , title={{}} , author={{ MDLanham }} , publisher={Bowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc} } @book{b59, , title={{The bell curve: Intelligence and class structure in American life}} , author={{ RHernstein } and { CMurray }} , year={1994} , publisher={Free Press} , address={New York} } @incollection{b60, , title={{parent academic involvement as related to school behavior, achievement, and aspirations: Demographic variations across adolescence}} , author={{ NHill } and { DCasellino } and { JLansford } and { PNowlin } and { KDodge } and { JBates } and { GPetit }} , journal={{Child Development}} 75 5 , year={2004} } @incollection{b61, , title={{The effects of an afterschool tutoring program on the academic performance of at-risk students and students with LD}} , author={{ MFHock } and { KAPulvers } and { DDDeshler } and { JBSchumaker }} , journal={{Remedial and Special Education}} 22 3 , year={2001} } @book{b62, , title={{England Journal of Public Policy v10 n1 p259-69 Sum-Fall}} } @book{b63, , title={{Cultural perspectives and thinking: The African American thinker in the classroom. ERIC document}} , author={{ SHunt }} , year={1993} 368 17 } @incollection{b64, , title={{The black-white test score gap: An introduction}} , author={{ CJencks } and { MPhillips }} , booktitle={{C. Jencks & M}} , year={1998} } @book{b65, , title={{The black-white test score gap}} , author={{ Phillips }} , publisher={Brookings Institution Press} , address={Washington, DC} } @book{b66, , author={{ GJoseph }} , title={{Foundations of Eurocentrism in mathematics in Race and Class}} , year={1987. March} 37 } @incollection{b67, , title={{Busing to end in Wake County, N.C. Goodbye, school diversity?}} , author={{ SKhadaroo }} , booktitle={{The Christian Science Monitor}} , year={2010. March 24} } @incollection{b68, , title={{Closing the achievement gap through expanded access to quality early education in grades PK-3}} , author={{ JKing }} , booktitle={{The New American Foundation. Retrieved}} Washington, DC , year={2006. October 27. 2006} } @book{b69, , author={{ DKirp }} , title={{The Sandbox Investment: The Preschool Movement and Kids First Politics}} , year={2007} } @book{b70, , title={{}} , author={{ MACambridge }} , publisher={Harvard University Press} } @incollection{b71, , title={{Economic, neurobiological and behavioral perspectives on building America's future workforce}} , author={{ EKnudsen } and { JHeckman } and { JCameron } and { JShonkoff }} , journal={{Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}} 103 27 , year={2006. November 15. 2008} } @book{b72, , title={{An analysis of the research on ability grouping. National Resource Center on The Gifted and Talented Newsletter}} , author={{ JKulik }} , year={1995} } @incollection{b73, , title={{Black students: Middle class teachers}} , author={{ JKunjufu }} , journal={{Chicago. African American Images}} , year={2002} } @incollection{b74, , title={{Implementing valueadded measures of school effectiveness: Getting the incentives right}} , author={{ HLadd } and { RWalsh }} , journal={{Economics of Education Review}} 21 , year={2002} } @incollection{b75, , title={{It doesn't add up: African American students' mathematics achievement}} , author={{ GLadson-Billings }} , journal={{Journal for Research in Mathematics Education}} 28 6 , year={1997} } @incollection{b76, , title={{Out-of-schooltime programs. A meta-analysis of effects for at-risk students}} , author={{ PLauer } and { MAkiba } and { SWilkerson } and { HApthorp } and { DSnow } and { MMartin-Glenn }} , journal={{Review of Educational Research}} 76 2 , year={2006} } @book{b77, , title={{Is resegregation real? Cambridge, MA: Civil Rights Project}} , author={{ CLee }} , year={2004} , address={Harvard University} } @book{b78, , title={{Enriching children, Enriching the Nation: Public investment in high quality Prekindergarten}} , author={{ RLynch }} , year={200} , publisher={Economic Policy Institute} , address={Washington} } @incollection{b79, , title={{Inequality in preschool Education and school readiness}} , author={{ KMagnuson } and { MMyers } and { CRuhm } and { JWaldfogel }} , journal={{American Educational Research Journal}} 41 1 , year={20004} } @incollection{b80, , title={{Early childhood care and education: Effects on ethnic and racial gaps in school readiness}} , author={{ DMagnuson } and { JWaldfogel }} , journal={{Future of Children}} 15 1 , year={2005} } @incollection{b81, , title={{Learning Styles Dialogue}} , author={{ BMccarthy } and { MLieberman }} , booktitle={{Report of the Board of Regents Panel on Learning Styles ERIC document ED348407}} , year={1988} } @incollection{b82, , title={{Sociocultural orientations and the mathematical success of African American students}} , author={{ VMoody }} , journal={{Journal of Educational Research}} 97 3 , year={2004. January/February} } @book{b83, , title={{Black American students in an affluent suburb: A study of academic disengagement}} , author={{ JOgbu }} , year={2003} , publisher={Lawrence Erlbaum Associates} , address={New Jersey} } @book{b84, , title={{Resegregation in American schools}} , author={{ GOrfield } and { JYun }} , year={1999. November 20. 2008} , address={Cambridge, MA} Civil Rights Project, Harvard University. } @book{b85, , title={{The Black-White Achievement Gap: Why closing it is the greatest civil rights issue of our time}} , author={{ RPage } and { EWitty }} , year={2010} , publisher={American Management Association} , address={New York; NY} } @incollection{b86, , title={{The Black cultural ethos: Students' instructional context preferences, and student achievement: An examination of culturally congruent science instruction in the eighth grade classes of one African American and one Euro-American teacher}} , author={{ EParsons }} , journal={{Negro Educational Review}} 56 2/3 , year={2005. July} } @incollection{b87, , title={{Does the black-white test score gap widen after children enter school}} , author={{ MPhillips } and { JCrouse } and { JRalph }} , booktitle={{the blackwhite test score gap}} , editor={ CJencks & MPhillips } Washington, D.C: Brookings , year={1998} } @incollection{b88, , title={{Early learning and school readiness: Can early intervention make a difference?}} , author={{ CRamey } and { SRamey }} , journal={{Merrill-Palmer Quarterly}} 50 4 , year={2004} } @incollection{b89, , title={{Teaching to the rating: School accountability and the distribution of student achievement}} , author={{ RReback }} , journal={{Journal of Public Economics}} 92 , year={2008} , note={ERIC Resources in Education. ED348407.} } @incollection{b90, , title={{The economics of early childhood development as seen by two Fed economists}} , author={{ ARolnick } and { RGrunewald }} , journal={{Community Investments}} 19 2 , year={2007} } @book{b91, , title={{Cumulative and residual effects of teachers on future student academic achievement}} , author={{ WSanders } and { JRivers }} , year={1996} , address={Knoxville, TN} University of Tennessee Value-Added Research and Assessment Center , note={Research Progress Report} } @incollection{b92, , title={{Left brain, right brain: One brain, two brains}} , author={{ AScull }} 10.1093/brain/awq255 , journal={{Brain: A Journal of Neurology}} 133 10 , year={2010} } @incollection{b93, , title={{The learning-style teaching model}} , author={{ RSearson } and { RDunn }} , journal={{Science & Children}} 38 5 , year={2001} } @book{b94, , title={{}} , author={{ BSlade }} , year={1997} } @incollection{b95, , title={{African American cognitive patterns: A review of the research}} , booktitle={{Culture, style and the educative process: Making schools work for racially diverse students}} , editor={ BJShade } } @book{b96, , title={{}} , author={{ Springfield } and { CIl: Charles } and { Thomas }} } @incollection{b97, , title={{The color of discipline: Sources of racial and gender disproportionality in school punishment}} , author={{ RSkiba } and { RMichael } and { ANardo } and { RPeterson }} , journal={{The Urban Review}} 34 4 , year={2002} } @incollection{b98, , title={{Ability grouping and student achievement in elementary schools: A bestevidence synthesis}} , author={{ RSlavin }} , journal={{Review of Educational Research}} 57 3 , year={1987} } @incollection{b99, , title={{Synthesis of research on grouping I elementary and secondary schools}} , author={{ RSlavin }} , journal={{Educational Leadership}} , year={1988. September} } @incollection{b100, , title={{The influence of an NCLB accountability plan on the distribution of Student test score gains}} , author={{ MSpringer }} , journal={{Economics of Education Review}} 27 563 , year={200} } @incollection{b101, , title={{Stereotype threat and the test performance of academically successful African Americans}} , author={{ CSteele } and { JAronson }} , booktitle={{C. Jencks & M}} , year={1988} } @book{b102, , author={{ Phillips }} , title={{The Black-white test score gap}} } @incollection{b103, , title={{Author" Director's Corner Column, African American Learners}} , author={{ ErikaTaylor }} , journal={{Journal of ISAAC}} , year={2013} } @book{b104, , title={{Eliminating the Black-White Achievement Gap: A Summary of Research}} , author={{ CThompson } and { SO'quinn }} , year={2001} , publisher={North Carolina Education Research Council} } @book{b105, , title={{Breaking Barriers: Plotting the Path to Academic Success for School-age African-American Males}} , author={{ IToldson }} , year={2008} , publisher={Congressional Black Caucus Foundation, Inc} , address={Washington, D.C.} } @book{b106, , title={{Breaking Barriers: Plotting the Path Away from Juvenile Detention and toward Academic Success for School-age African-American Males}} , author={{ IToldson }} , year={2011} , publisher={Congressional Black Caucus Foundation, Inc} , address={Washington, D.C.} } @incollection{b107, , title={{Preventing early reading failure with one-to-one tutoring: A review of five programs}} , author={{ BWasik } and { RSlavin }} , journal={{Reading Research Quarterly}} 28 2 , year={1993} } @book{b108, , title={{Forty years of school readiness research: What have we Learned? Childhood Education}} , author={{ SWinter } and { MKelley }} , year={2008} 84 } @incollection{b109, , title={{An effectiveness-based evaluation of five state prekindergarten programs}} , author={{ VWong } and { TCook } and { WBarnett } and { JJung }} , journal={{Journal of Policy Analysis and Management}} 27 1 , year={2008} }