Ballet Master Activity of Ji?í Kylián: From the Ballet Stage to Cinema Dance ???????????????? Ð?"????????? ???? ???????: ??? ???????? ????? Ð?"? ????????? # Iryna Tkachenko Abstract-The purpose of the article is to highlight the stages of Ji?í Kylián's ballet master activity and its influence on the development of choreographic art of the postmodern era. Research methodology. Analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization, which were used to determine the state of the problem, identification of biographical information, characteristics of the choreographer's activity of Ji?í Kylián; biographical method, which contributed to the study of creative activity of the choreographer; historical-genetic analysis and the method of periodization, which allowed to consider the problem of research in the time continuum and to distinguish four stages of choreographer-philosopher's ballet master activity and find out the features of style, choreographic language at each stage. Scientific novelty. For the first time in Ukrainian art history the stages of Ji?í Kylián's choreographic activity are covered; the essence of Kylián's unique author's style is revealed; generalized methods and specifics of the artist's work with dancers of his own troupe at the Dutch Dance Theater; the peculiarities of Kylián's choreographic language are revealed through the prism of the postmodern era. Conclusions. It is proved that Ji?í Kylián's ballei master activity is characterized by four stages (plotdramaturgical, "black-and-white", remote-subconscious, filmdance) and is marked by the author's style, experimental innovation, which consists in dividing the ballet troupe by age category and participation of dancers in the staging process. The postmodern philosophical-aesthetic concept presupposes the search for a new choreographic direction, which is embodied in Ji?í Kylián's film dance. The traditional version of «Carmen» presented by Kylián in a new tragicomic interpretation became the standard of short choreographic films and showed the general public a completely different interpretation. The classic relationship and feelings between man and woman that are present in Bizet's «Carmen», Kylián turns into a woman's love for the car, due to the mundaneness of post-industrial society. Keywords: choreography, staging, ballet, ballet master, dance theater, choreographer-philosopher, film dance. ????????-????????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? -?????????? ????? ???????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ?????. ??????????? ???????????. ??????, ??????, ????????????, ??????????????, ??? ??????????????? ??? ?'???????? ????? ????????????? ????????, ????????? ???? ???????????Ñ?"???? ??????? ??????? ??????????????, «?????-?????»,??????? (???????- ???????, ?? ??? ????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ? ??????? 80-? ????? ?? ???????? ???????????Ñ?" ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ? ?????????????. ?????????? ????? ? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ????? IV.???????? ???????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?? ?????, «?????-?????», ???? ? ????????? ???? ???????. ?????????????, ???????? ?? ?????? ????????,?????????, ?? ???? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????. ????? ????, ??????????????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????Ñ?"?? ?? ???????????? ????????Ñ?"???? ??? ???????? ??????????, ??????????? ?? ??????. ?? ????????, ???? ??????,?????????????? ???????? ?? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????-???????????, ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???'Ñ?"??. ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????????? ?????????????????????? ???? ?? ??? ??????Ñ?"??? ??????????? ? ???? ????????? ?????, ? ????? ????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ?????. ?? ????????, ??? ??????? ??????Ñ?"???? ?? ?????????, ????? ?????????? ??????Ñ?"???? ?? ?????-???????, ??? ???????????????? ?????? ???????. ???????? ??????????, ????????????? ?? ??????? 2000 ?.??????Ñ?"???? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??????. ??????????????? ????????? ???? ?? ????????? ?????[???????, 2019, ?. 95]. «???????????» ??? ??????????? ?? ????? ?????????????????????? ?????????????? ?????, ??????????-????????Ñ?"??, ?? ?????????? ????????????? ????????? (???????????????? ???? ????????????????? ???????????????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????: «?????? -?? ???????, ???????? ?? ????????????????????, ????????, ???????????????? ????????????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????) [??????????, 2013, ?. 180].???????????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?? ???????Ñ?" -??Ñ?"?????, ??????????Ñ?" -?????????». ??? ??????????, ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ???????. ? ???????????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ???? ?? ???????????? ??Ñ?"?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????????? ????-????? ?? ?????????? ????? [???? ??????, 2018]. ?????????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ? 2006???????????? ????????? ????? ?????????????? ?????? Ð?"??? ??????. ???????????-????????? ?????????, 1999 ???? ?????? ??????Ñ?" ???? ???????????? ????????? ??????. ?????, ?? 2009 ???? ??? ????????Ñ?" ?????????????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????????, ??? ???? ???????, ????????? ????. ????????? ????? ????? ???? «??????» ??????? ? ??????????: ?. ???????????? (2018) -? ?????????? ??Ñ?"?????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????????? ?????????????. ?????? ? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? (?????? ????'???? ????????????? ?????. ??????? ? ????? ?????????????? ??????). Ð?"??????? ???? ?? ????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????«?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????, ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????,??????????, ???????? ?? ?????? Ð?"???? ???????. ???? ? 2004 ???? ?? ??????????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????????-?????????. ???????????? ????? ??????Ñ?" ???????????, ?, ????? ???????????????? ???????????? ????????? ? ????? ??????, ?????????? ???? ??????? ????? «????????», ?????? ?22 Volume XXII Issue II Version I ( )??????? ?? ???????» ????????? ??????????????? ??Ñ?"?????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ?????? ? ????????? ??????? ??????????????, ??????? ???? ???????; ???????Ñ?" ?????? ??????? ???????????? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????????????? ?????????? ???? ?????????, ?? ?????????? ???????, ???????????? ???????? ?????? ? ?????? 80-? ????????????? ?? ????????????, ??? ? ????????????? ????????, ????????, ?????????????, ?????????. ? ????? ???????, ??????? ???????? ??????????? ???????????, ???, ??????????, ? ??????? ?????????????. ?????????? ?????? -????? ????????? ????, ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ?????Ñ?" ?? ??????? ?????? ???????????. ?????Ñ?"??, ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ????, ?????? ??????Ñ?"???? ???????? ????? ??????, ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?. ????? (2019) ? ?????????? «??????????? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ???? ???????»; ?. ???????? (Vaccarino, 2001) ? ???????? ???????? «???? ??????» ?????????Ñ?" ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?????, ??? ? ????????Ñ?" ???????????-????????? ?????????, ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ?????????????. ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????????Ñ?", ?? ?????????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ????????? ??????????, ???????? ????????????????? ?????????? ???? ???????, ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? Ñ?" ??????????? ???????????. ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????Ñ?" ? ????, ?? ?????? ? ???????????? ????????????????? ?????????? ????? ????????????????? ?????????? ???? ???????; ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ???????; ??????????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ??????????????? ?????? ?????;; ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????????????? ?????. II. ???? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??????Ñ?" ? ??????????? ?????? ????????????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????? . III. ?????? ????????? Ð?"?????????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ????????Ñ?"??, ?? ???????? ?????????, ?????????, ??????????? ????????????, ?????????? ????? ???????????? ???????????? ? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? 21 ??????? 1947 ???? ? ?????. ????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ? ???'?????????? ???? ? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????????????? ??????. ? 1962 ???????????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????, ????????. ????? ????, ?????? ??????Ñ?"???? ?? ??????????? ??????, ?? ????? ????? ???????, ???, ????? ?? ? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ? ????. ? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????? ??????, ??? ?????? ??'Ñ?"???Ñ?" ? 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(90-?? ???? ?? ????????) ???????????Ñ?"???? ???????? ??? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ??????????? ? ???????????????. ? ??????? ?????Ñ?"???? ????????? ?? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ???????. ????????Ñ?"???? ? ?????? ???? ??????????. ???????????? ??????Ñ?"???? ?? ??????????? Ð?"?????? ????? ????????Ñ?" ? ??????? ????? ????? ?????????????. ? ?????? ???? ??? ? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???Ñ?"? ????. ?? ???? ?????, ???????????? ????????? ????????????? ? ??????????? ????Ñ?" ?????????? ??????????? ? ???????? ??????? ??????, ?? ?????? ??????? ???'??? ?????. ?????????? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ????????? «???????????» (1995 ?), ??????????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????, ??????? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ????? ?? 20-??????? ?????????, ?? ?? ????? 35-??????? ?????? ????????? ????????. p. 67]. ?????????????? ???????, ??? ????????? Ñ?" ?????????? (??????? ?????????? ??? 40 ?????) [Vaccarino, 2001, ??????? ?????? ???????????? ????????Ñ?" ????? ?? 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(1994 ?.) ?? ?????? ?. ?????, ?. ??????, ?. ?????, ???????????, ???? ???????????? ??????, ???????? ?????? ?. ???????, «???????????????? ????????» ?????? ?????????Ñ?" ??? ?? ?????????, ?????????. ???? ?????? ?. ??????, «???????? ??????» (1991 ?.) ?? ???????????? ??? ????????????? ????. ? ????? ??????? (1990 ?.) ?? ?????? ?. ????, «??????? ???» (1990 ?.) ?? ????? ???'?????? ? ?????, ?? ??????????? ? ??Ñ?"?????? ????. ???? ?????????? («?????????» ???'??? Ñ?" ?????? ??????????????, ???????????, ? ?? ???????, ???????????Ñ?" ??????? ?????? ?? ????????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ????????, ?? ??? ???????????????????? ?????: ???????????, ??????????, ?????, ????????????, ????? ?????, ?????????-???????, ??????????. I. ????? ??????? ? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????Ñ?"???? ?????????? ???????? ???????????. ??????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????Ñ?" ?? ??????????, ??? ? ????????? ??????????. ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ??????????, ???????-??????????, ????????? ??????, ???????? ????? ? ?????????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????Ñ?" ?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????????????. ????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????????????, ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???????????-?????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????, ?????????? ???? ???????????????? ??????, ????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ?????????? ? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????? ????????Ñ?"?, ???????????? ?????????. Ð?"???? ???????? ?? ????????, ??????? 70-?? ????, ??????? ???? ????????? ? ??????????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????????? ????? ???????. ???????????? ? ??????????? ????????????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ??????, ?? ????????Ñ?" ????? ?? ?????????. ?????????, ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????-??????????? ??????, Ð?"???????, ?? ???? ??????, ???? ?? ???????????????? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????? ?????????, ??????????? ?? ????????????? ?????????? ????? (???????????, ????????? ?????????, ??????? ? ???????????????. ??????? ???????????? ??????Ñ?" ?????????? ?? ?? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????. ??? ??????? ? ????? ?????????? ??????????-???????????? ????????????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ???? ?? ??????????? ?? ??????? ????????, ??????????? ??????????, ????????? ????? ?????????? [???????, 2007, c. 79]. Ð?"???????, ?? ???????????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ????????? ?? ???????. ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ????????Ñ?" ? ???? ??????, ???????????????? ?????????? ????? ? 70-?? ???? ?? ???????? ????Ñ?" ??????????????? ?????? ?????, ?? ??? ?????Ñ?" ??????????? ?????. ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????Ñ?" ????? ??????????, ????????? ?????? ???? ????Ñ?" ???????? ?????????, ?? ????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??????????, ???????? ? ??????????. ?????????? «????????» ??????Ñ?"???? ?? ????? ???????????? ????????? ? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????Ñ?" ????? ???????, ?????????, ???Ñ?"???? ??? ??????. ?????????? ?????????? «????????» ???????? ?????, ?? ???? ??????, ??????????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ??????????????, ????? ????????Ñ?" ????????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????????? ????, ??? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ?????? ????. ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????-?????????????, ?????????? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ?????? ? ???????, ???????? ?????????, ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????????-????????. ?????????????? ??? ??????????? ????????? ???????, ??? ????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ?????????????? ?? ??????? ????? ???????????, ?? ????????????? ????????? ?????????????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????, ??????? ?? ???????????????? ?????????????? ???????. ?????????????? ???????? ?????? «??????» ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ? ??????????????? ????????? -?????????? ???? ???????. ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? Ñ?" «?????????», ???????-?????????????? ?????? ? ????????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ????????????, ????????????? ??????????????? ?????????. ????? ????????. ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????????????????? ?????????????? ?????????????? ?????????? ?????, ??????, ?????????, ???????? ??? ????? ?????????, ????????Ñ?"?. ?????????? ????? ???? ???????. ????????? ???? ???????????Ñ?"???? ?????? ????? ????????????, ? ? ????? ?????????????, ??????? ??? ???????? ???????????Ñ?"???? ?? ?????????? ?????????? ? 15-20 ??????. ??? ????? ????? ????, ?????? ????????????, ?? 70-?? ????????? ????????. ???, ??? ???? ?????? Ñ?" ?. ??????, «Ð?"??? ? ????» (1984 ?.) ?? ?????? ?. ??????. ?????????, ?? ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ?. ???????, «????????» (1983 ?.) ?? ?????? ????????????Ñ?"???? ???????????? ???????. ????? ?????????????, «?? ???????? ???????» (1980 ?.) ?? ?????????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????» (1978 ?.) ?? «??????????» (1982 ?.) ?? ?????? ?. ??????????? ???????Ñ?"?. ?????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???????, ??????? «???????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????-?????????????, ???????????? ??????? ????????????????-???????????? ???? ??????? Ñ?" ??Ñ?"?????? «???????????» ?? ?????? ?. ???????. ???????????? ? Ð?"??????? ??????????, ?? ??????????? ???????? ????????, ???) ??? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? [???????, 2008, ?. 53]. (??????????? ????????? ??????? ? ?. ?????????, ????????????, ?????????-?????????? ?????????? ????? 70-? ?????, ???? ?? ????????? ? ??????? ??????? ??????Ñ?"???? ????????? ?????????-?????????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ? ??????Ñ?"???? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????. ???? ????? ????? ??????????. ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????, ????? ????????Ñ?"? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????, ??????? ?? ???????? ????????????, ?????? ???????????? Ð?"????? Ballet Master Activity of Ji?í Kylián: From the Ballet Stage to Cinema Dance * ??????? ??????????? ? ????????? ??????? ???????? Ð?"?????????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ???? 2013 7 * ?????????? 2018 * ?????????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??. ?. ?. ????????? 5 2019 * ??????????? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ???? ???????. ????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? 2019 10 * ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? 5 57 2018 * ?????????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? 2007 ?????? * ???????????? ???????? ??????????? Ð?"??????? 2008 ???? * References Références Referencias * Suchasna khoreohrafiya v konteksti syntezu mystetstv DBernads?ka 2013 Contemporary choreography in the context of art synthesis * Current issues of the humanities 7 in Ukrainian * Khoreohrafichnyy teatr zakhidnoyi Yevropy XX stolittya OChepalov 2007 Choreographic theater of Western Europe of the twentieth century * Kharkiv in Ukrainian * IrzhyKilian 2018 Jiri Kilian. in Russian * Kinorakurs khoreografii Irzhi Kiliana [Film perspective choreography by Jiri Kilian IKonotom Bulletin of the Academy of Russian Ballet. A. Ya 5 2019 in Russian * Filosofs?ke pidgruntya tvorchosti baletmeystera Irzhy Kiliana SLehka Current issues of art pedagogy 10 2019 Philosophical basis of the work of choreographer Jiri Kilian. in Ukrainian * Syntez klasychnoho ta postmodern tantsyu yak fundament dlya bil?shoho vplyvu ideynoyi ta emotsiynoyi sfery vystavy na hlyadacha [Synthesis of classical and postmodern dance as a foundation for greater influence of the ideological VMalinovs?kyy 2018 and emotional sphere of the performance on the spectator * Young Scientist 5 57 in Ukrainian * Klasyfikatsiya suchasnoyi khoreohrafiyi DSharykov 2008 Classification of modern choreography * Kiev in Ukrainian * EVaccarino Irzhi Kilian [Ji?í Kylián]. Palermo: L'Epos 2001 in Italian