@incollection{, 378F971BEFAEC04AFE04C6ADB0347A82 , author={{VotsomaPhilemon} and {Ntang PhilemonBonaventure} and {Nkot SamuelCedric} and {SouabouDjoulde} and {Université de Maroua}}, journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}}, journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}2071319 } @book{b0, , title={{The Role of Institutions in Growth and Development. Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper No}} , author={{ DAcemoglu }} , year={2008} , publisher={World Bank} , address={Washington, D.C.} } @incollection{b1, , title={{The rise of Europe: Atlantic trade, institutional change, and economic growth}} , author={{ DAcemoglu } and { SJohnson } and { JAEt Robinson }} , journal={{American Economic Review}} 95 3 , year={2005} } @incollection{b2, , title={{How Does Political Instability Affect Economic Growth?}} , author={{ AAisen } and { FJVeiga }} , journal={{European Journal of Political Economy}} 29 1 , year={2013} } @incollection{b3, , title={{Another Look at the Instrumental-Variable Estimation of Error-Components Models}} , author={{ MArellano } and { OBover }} , journal={{Journal of Econometrics}} 68 1 , year={1995} } @incollection{b4, , title={{Institutions and trade: Competitors or complements in economic development ?}} , author={{ SBhattacharyya } and { SDowrick } and { JGolley }} , journal={{The Economic Record}} 85 270 , year={2009} } @incollection{b5, , title={{Financial Liberalization, Bureaucratic Corruption and Economic Development}} , author={{ KBlackburn } and { GFForgues-Puccio }} , journal={{Journal of International Money and Finance}} 29 7 , year={2010} } @incollection{b6, , title={{Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models}} , author={{ RBlundell } and { SBond }} , journal={{Journal of Econometrics}} 87 5 , year={1998} } @book{b7, , title={{Political Institutions, Trade Openness, and Economic Growth: New Evidence" Emerging Markets Finance and Trade}} , author={{ MBonnal } and { EMehmet }} 10.1080/1540496X.2015.1011514 , year={2015} } @book{b8, , title={{Trade and Economic Growth: A Reexamination of the Empirical Evidence}} , author={{ MBusse } and { JKoniger }} , year={2012} } @incollection{b9, , title={{Openness can be good for growth: The role of policy complementarities}} , author={{ RChang } and { LKaltani } and { NVLoayza }} , journal={{Journal of Development Economics}} 90 1 , year={2005} } @incollection{b10, , title={{Institutions, trade, and growth}} , author={{ DDollar } and { AKraay }} , journal={{Journal of Monetary Economics}} 50 1 , year={2003} } @incollection{b11, , title={{}} , author={{ DDollar } and { AKraay }} , journal={{Trade. Growth and Poverty. Economic Journal}} 114 3 , year={2004} } @book{b12, , title={{Institutional and Non-Institutional Explanations of Economic Differences}} , author={{ SLEngerman } and { LKenneth } and { Sokoloff }} , year={2003} 225 National Bureau of Economic Research Working Papers } @incollection{b13, , title={{Does Trade Cause Growth?}} , author={{ JAFrankel } and { DRomer }} , journal={{The American Economic Review}} 89 3 , year={1999} } @book{b14, , author={{ FGGandjon }} , title={{Régime politique et ouverture commerciale », Revue d'économie politique}} , year={2017} 127 } @book{b15, , title={{Short-and Long-term Impact of Trade Openness on Financial Development in sub-Saharan Africa » Munich Personal RePEc Archive (MPRA) Paper No.84272, 17. Iyke}} , author={{ SHo } and { INjindan }} , year={2018. 2016} , note={Does Trade Openness Matter for Economic Growth in the CEE Countries?. MPRA Paper No. 78869. posted 1} } @book{b16, , title={{Governance Matters III: Governance Indicators for 1996-2002}} , author={{ DKaufmann } and { AKraay } and { MMastruzzi }} , year={2004} , publisher={World Bank} , address={Washington, D.C.} } @incollection{b17, , title={{A Sensitivity Analysis of Cross-Country Growth Regressions}} , author={{ RLevine } and { DRenelt }} , journal={{American Economic Review}} 82 , year={1992} } @incollection{b18, , title={{A contribution to the empirics of economic growth}} , author={{ GMankiw } and { DRomer } and { DWeil }} , journal={{Quarterly Journal of Economics}} 107 2 , year={1992} } @incollection{b19, , title={{Corruption and growt}} , author={{ PMauro }} , journal={{Quarterly Journal of Economics}} 110 3 , year={1995} } @incollection{b20, , title={{The effects on Economic Growth of Natural Resources in Sub-Saharan Africa: Does the quality of institutions matters ?}} , author={{ NMondjeli } and { I } and { MP CTsopmo }} , journal={{Economics Bulletin}} 37 1 , year={2017} } @incollection{b21, , title={{Trade liberalization and growth in developing countries}} , author={{ DGreenaway } and { WMorgan } and { PWright }} , journal={{J. 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Rev}} 22 , year={2008} } @book{b32, , title={{World Development Indicators}} , author={{ Wdi }} , year={2018} , publisher={World Bank} , address={Washington, DC} } @book{b33, , title={{Statistcic data}} , year={2017} , address={World Economic Outlook, octobre} } @book{b34, , title={{World Gouvernance Indicators}} , author={{ Wgi }} , year={2018} , publisher={World Bank} , address={Washington, DC} } @incollection{b35, , title={{Trade openness and economic growth: a cross-country empirical investigation}} , author={{ HYanikkaya }} , journal={{Journal of Development Economics}} 72 , year={2003} } @incollection{b36, , title={{Terms of Trade Instability, Economic Vulnerability and Economic Growth: The Role Of Institutions In Sub-Saharan Africa}} , author={{ SZaouli } and { AZaouli }} , journal={{Journal of Asian Economic and Financial Review}} 5 4 , year={2015} }