@incollection{, C7D3B0F486A407C8B434FD5D4CEE585F , author={{Lawrence I.Edet} and {University of Uyo}}, journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}}, journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}17116 } @book{b0, , title={{Of carpet-crossing and old wine in new bottle}} , author={{ LAdejuwon }} , year={2013. December 23} 21 , address={Newswatch} } @book{b1, , title={{Party politics in Nigeria under Obasanjo Administration', Monograph series}} , author={{ ADAina }} , year={2002} , address={Nigeria} Department of Political Science and Sociology, Babcock University } @incollection{b2, , title={{The impact of cross-carpeting and multiplicity of political parties in Nigerian democratic process}} , author={{ BTBadejo } and { NG&obah-Akpowoghaha }} , journal={{Journal of African Studies and Development}} 7 8 , year={2015} } @book{b3, , title={{Ideologies and Modern Politics}} , author={{ Christenson }} , year={1981} , publisher={Harper and Row} , address={New York} } @incollection{b4, , title={{}} , journal={{Constitution of Federal Republic of Nigeria}} , year={1999} , note={as amended} } @book{b5, , title={{}} , author={{ DailyTrust }} , year={February 18, 2003} } @book{b6, , title={{Democracy in Developing Countries}} , author={{ LDiamond } and { JHartlyn } and { JLinz } and { M&lipset }} , year={1989} , publisher={Lynne Reiner Publishers} , address={Boulder} } @book{b7, , title={{A Systems Analysis of Political Life}} , author={{ DEaston }} , year={1965} , publisher={Wiley} , address={New York} } @book{b8, , title={{Laws against party switching, defecting, or floor crossing in National Parliaments', The Legal Regulation of Political Parties. The Working Paper 2}} , author={{ KJanada }} , year={2009} } @incollection{b9, , title={{Political parties and democracy in Nigeria}} , author={{ AJinadu }} , booktitle={{Political Parties and Democracy in Nigeria. Kuru: National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies (NIPSS)}} , editor={ OluObafemi SamEgwu OkechukwuIbeanu JibrinIbrahim } , year={2014} } @book{b10, , title={{Anti-defection Law in India and the Commonwealth}} , author={{ GCMalhotra }} , year={2005} , publisher={Metropolitan Books Co} , address={New Delhi} } @incollection{b11, , title={{Party defection and democratic consolidation in Nigeria}} , author={{ PMbah }} , journal={{Afro-Asian Journal of Social Sciences}} 2 2 , year={2011. 1999-2009} } @book{b12, , title={{Democracy and elections: Myths, illusions and realities'. Being a lecture delivered at 3 rd Annual Law and Social Development at Airport Hotel}} , author={{ AMomoh }} , year={2010. October 25} , address={Ikeja} } @incollection{b13, , title={{}} , journal={{Newswatch}} , year={December 23, 2013} } @book{b14, , title={{Introduction to Politics. Revised 2 nd Edition}} , author={{ ONnoli }} , year={2003} , publisher={PACREP} , address={Enugu} } @incollection{b15, , title={{Congressional party defection in American history}} , author={{ TNokken } and { KPoole }} , booktitle={{the Annual meeting of the American Political Science Association}} San Francisco , year={2002. August 29} } @incollection{b16, , title={{Party defection and sustenance of Nigerian democracy}} , author={{ JNwanegbo } and { JOdigbo } and { K&nnorom }} , journal={{Global Journal of Human-Social Science}} 14 6 , year={2014} } @incollection{b17, , title={{Party switching and defection in Nigeria: Implications for democratic consolidation}} , author={{ ISOgundiya }} , booktitle={{Political Parties and Democratic Consolidation in}} , editor={ ISOgundiya } Nigeria. Ibadan , publisher={Codat Publications} , year={2011} } @incollection{b18, , title={{Nigerian parties and political ideology}} , author={{ SOmotola }} , journal={{Journal of Alternative Perspectives in Social Sciences}} 1 3 , year={2009} } @book{b19, , title={{The future of democracy and the rule of law in Nigeria'. Being lecture delivered at Ikoyi Club}} , author={{ AOyebode }} , year={2012. May 28} , address={Lagos} } @book{b20, , title={{}} , author={{ Punch }} , year={January 3, 2014} } @book{b21, , title={{Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy}} , author={{ JSchumpeter }} , year={1990} , publisher={Harper and Row} , address={New York} } @incollection{b22, , title={{}} , author={{ MSeliger }} , journal={{Ideology and Politics}} , year={1976} , publisher={George Allen and Unwin} } @incollection{b23, , title={{}} , journal={{Sun}} , year={December 23, 2013} } @incollection{b24, , title={{}} , journal={{Sun}} , year={November 9. 2014} } @incollection{b25, , title={{}} , journal={{Sun}} , year={February 8, 2017} } @book{b26, , title={{The Guardian}} , year={July 5, 2002} } @book{b27, , title={{The Guardian}} , year={January 11, 2003} } @book{b28, , title={{The Guardian}} , year={February 21, 2003} } @book{b29, , title={{}} , author={{ Thisday }} , year={February 27, 2003} } @book{b30, , title={{}} , author={{ Thisday }} , year={May 26, 2002} } @book{b31, , title={{}} , author={{ Thisday }} , year={November 30, 2002} } @book{b32, , title={{Fundamental Issues in Government and Philosophy of Law}} , author={{ JUnah }} , year={1993} , publisher={Jojo Educational Research and Publisher Ltd} , address={Ikeja} } @book{b33, , title={{}} , author={{ Vanguard }} , year={December 22, 2013} } @book{b34, , title={{}} , author={{ Vanguard }} , year={September 27. 2014} } @book{b35, , title={{Weekly Trust}} , year={November 15, 2002} } @book{b36, , title={{Wikipedia -The Free Encyclopedia}} , year={2014} }