@incollection{, A008A5357258BD5AB3649753574AEF53 , author={{MuhammadRizwan} and {SumairaAkhtar} and {WaqasSohail}}, journal={{Global Journal of Human Social Sciences}}, journal={{GJHSS}}2249-460X0975-587X10.34257/GJHSS, address={Cambridge, United States}, publisher={Global Journals Organisation}1724563 } @book{b0, , title={{}} , author={{ HAbbas }} , editor={Al-Nahw Al-Wafi. Cairo: Dar Al-Maaref} , year={1961} } @book{b1, , title={{The English Noun Phrase in its Sentential Aspect}} , author={{ SAbney }} , year={1987} , publisher={PhD Dissertation, MIT} } @book{b2, , title={{Towards effective use of english: A grammar of modern English}} , author={{ FAgoi }} , year={2003} , publisher={Joytal Printing Press} , address={Ibadan} } @book{b3, , title={{A communicative framework of English language teaching for tenth grade ESL Year}} , author={{ AAkhtar }} , year={1997. 2017} } @book{b4, , title={{Unpublished doctoral dissertation)}} , address={Pakistan; St. Paul, USA} Hamline University } @incollection{b5, , title={{A comparative and contrastive study of prepositions in Arabic and english language in India}} , author={{ AlMarrani } and { YM }} , booktitle={{Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow}} , year={2009} 9 } @incollection{b6, , title={{The effects of school-based writing-to-learn interventions on academic achievement: A metaanalysis}} , author={{ RLBangert-Drowns } and { MMHurley } and { BWilkinson }} , journal={{Review of Educational Research}} 74 , year={2004} } @incollection{b7, , title={{Jordanian undergraduate EFL students' errors in the use of the indefinite article}} , author={{ RFBataineh }} , journal={{Asian EFL Journal}} 7 1 , year={2005} } @incollection{b8, , title={{Agreement projections}} , author={{ ABelletti }} , booktitle={{The handbook of contemporary syntactic theory}} , editor={ MBaltin CCollins } , year={1994} } @book{b9, , title={{}} , author={{ Ma:Malden } and { Blackwell }} } @incollection{b10, , title={{Writing for a Change: Boasting literacy and learning through social action}} , author={{ KBerdan }} , booktitle={{National Writing Project}} San Francisco , publisher={Jossey Bass Teacher} , year={2006} } @incollection{b11, , title={{An analysis of English learner speech}} , author={{ JSBertkua }} , journal={{Language Learning}} 24 2 , year={1974} } @incollection{b12, , title={{Sources of writing block in bilingual writers}} , author={{ FBetancourt } and { MPhinney }} , journal={{Written Communication}} 5 4 , year={1988} } @book{b13, , title={{Punjabi: A cognitive-descriptive grammar}} , author={{ TKBhatia }} , year={1993} , publisher={Routledge} , address={London & New York} } @book{b14, , title={{The second language acquisition of English prepositions}} , author={{ PBoquist }} , year={2009} Liberty University , note={Unpublished thesis} } @book{b15, , title={{Teaching by Principles: An interactive approach to language pedagogy}} , author={{ DBrown }} , year={1994} } @book{b16, , title={{Principles of language learning and teaching}} , author={{ HDBrown }} , year={1980} , publisher={Prentice Hall} , address={Englewood Cliffs, N.J.} } @incollection{b17, , title={{Typical errors in English made by Japanese ESL students}} , author={{ WHBryant }} , journal={{Jalt Journal}} 6 , year={1984} } @book{b18, , title={{Teaching writing skills}} , author={{ DByrne }} , year={1979} , publisher={Longman} , address={New York} } @book{b19, , title={{The art of teaching writing}} , author={{ LMCalkins }} , year={1986} , publisher={Heinemann} , address={Portsmouth, NH} } @book{b20, , title={{Frequency and Variability in Errors in the Use of English Prepositions}} , author={{ RMCatalan }} , year={1996} , publisher={Miscellanea: A} } @book{b21, , title={{The Grammar Book: an ESL/EFL Teacher's Course}} , author={{ MCelce-Murcia } and { DLarsen-Freeman }} , year={1983} , publisher={Heinle & Heinle} , address={Boston} } @book{b22, , title={{The grammar book: An ESL/EFL teacher's course}} , author={{ MCelce-Murcia } and { DLarsen-Freeman }} , year={1999} , publisher={Heinle & Heinle Publishers} , note={2nd ed.} } @incollection{b23, , title={{Discourse markedness and structural markedness: The acquisition of English noun phrases}} , author={{ CChaudron } and { KParker }} , journal={{Studies in Second Language Acquisition}} 12 , year={1990} } @incollection{b24, , title={{Detection of grammatical errors involving prepositions}} , author={{ MChodrow } and { TJoel } and { HNa-Rae }} , booktitle={{Proceedings of the 4 th AclsIgsim Workshop on Prepositions}} the 4 th AclsIgsim Workshop on Prepositions , year={2007} } @book{b25, , title={{Lectures on government and binding}} , author={{ NChomsky }} , year={1981} , publisher={Foris Publication} , address={Dordrecht} } @incollection{b26, , title={{International TESOL training and EFL context: The cultural disillusionment factor}} , author={{ MRChowdhury }} , journal={{Australian Journal of Education}} 47 3 , year={2003} } @incollection{b27, , title={{It's not just cognition: The effect of emotion on multiple-level discourse processing in second-language writing}} , author={{ AClachar }} , journal={{Language Science}} 21 , year={1999} } @incollection{b28, , title={{Getting the articles across: issues and teaching approaches of the English article system}} , author={{ VCohen }} , journal={{The Shumei Journal of International Studies}} 11 3 , year={1998} } @book{b29, , title={{How English works: a linguistic introduction}} , author={{ ACurzan } and { MAdams }} , year={2006} , publisher={Pearson Longman} , address={New York} } @incollection{b30, , title={{Error Analysis of the written English essays of secondary school students in Malaysia: A case study}} , author={{ SDarus } and { KSubramaniam }} , journal={{European Journal of Social Sciences}} 8 3 , year={2009} } @book{b31, , title={{How to punctuate}} , author={{ GDavidson }} , year={2007} , address={London: Penguin} } @incollection{b32, , title={{Error analysis, a no-stop area of research: An analytical study of English verb and preposition errors in the written expression of Al-Azhar Students}} , author={{ SSDessouky }} , journal={{Studies in Curricula and Methodology}} 8 , year={1990} } @incollection{b33, , title={{An emerging South-East Asian Englishes and intelligibilities}} , author={{ DDeterding } and { Kirkpatrick }} , journal={{World Englishes}} 25 , year={2006} } @book{b34, , title={{Language two}} , author={{ HDulay } and { MBurt } and { SKrashen }} , year={1982} , publisher={Oxford University Press} , address={New York} } @incollection{b35, , title={{Scoring L2 writing samples: Exploring the relative effectiveness of two different diagnostic methods}} , author={{ MEast } and { DYoung }} , journal={{New Zealand Studies in Applied Linguistics}} 13 , year={2007} } @book{b36, , title={{Mistakes and correction}} , author={{ JEdge }} , year={1989} , publisher={Longman Group} , address={New York} } @incollection{b37, , title={{An introduction to systemic functional linguistics}} , author={{ SEggins }} , booktitle={{London: Continuum}} , year={2004} , note={nd ed.} } @incollection{b38, , title={{Applying cognitive linguistics to pedagogical grammar: The English prepositions of verticality}} , author={{ VEvans } and { ATyler }} , journal={{Revista Brasileira de linguistica aplicada}} 5 2 , year={2005} } @incollection{b39, , title={{A lexicalist approach towards the automatic determination for the syntactic functions of prepositional phrases}} , author={{ ACFang }} , journal={{Natural Language Engineering}} 6 2 , year={2000} } @incollection{b40, , title={{Adquisición y uso de las preposiciones españolas por un francófono}} , author={{ JFernandez }} , journal={{Revista de Estudios de Adquisición de la Lengua Española}} 2 , year={1994} } @book{b41, , title={{Treatment of error in second language writing classes}} , author={{ DRFerris }} , year={2002} , publisher={University of Michigan press} , address={Ann Arbor, MI} } @book{b42, , title={{Response to student writing: Implications for second language students}} , author={{ DRFerris }} , year={2003} , publisher={Lawrence Erlbaum} , address={Mahwah, NJ} } @book{b43, , title={{The acquisition of English spatial prepositions by ESL learners}} , author={{ KY MFion }} , year={2005} , address={Hong Kong} The Chinese University , note={Unpublished thesis} } @book{b44, , title={{Using contextual speller techniques and language modeling of ESL error correction}} , author={{ MGamon } and { JGao } and { CBrokkett } and { AKlementiev } and { WDolan } and { DBelenko } and { LVanderwende }} , year={2008} , note={In proceedings of IJCNLP} } @book{b45, , title={{Second language acquisition: An introductory course}} , author={{ SGass } and { LSelinker }} , editor={Routledge/Taylor and Francis Group} , year={2001} , address={New York} } @book{b46, , title={{Second language acquisition: An introductory course}} , author={{ SGass } and { LSelinker }} , year={2008} , publisher={Routledge} , address={New York} , note={3rd ed.} } @book{b47, , title={{Constructions: A construction grammar approach to argument structure}} , author={{ AEGoldberg }} , year={1995} , publisher={University of Chicago Press} , address={Chicago} } @book{b48, , title={{Researching women's language practices in multilingual workplaces}} , author={{ TGoldstein }} , year={2001} } @incollection{b49, , title={{Second language learners' theories on the use of English articles}} , author={{ BYGoto }} , journal={{Studies in second language acquisition}} 24 , year={2002} } @incollection{b50, , title={{Improving the writing of students with learning problems: Selfregulated strategy development}} , author={{ SGraham } and { KRHarris }} , journal={{School Psychology Review}} 22 4 , year={1993} } @incollection{b51, , title={{Syntactic representations in a grammatic aphasia: The case of prepositions}} , author={{ YGrodzinsky }} , journal={{Language and speech}} 31 2 , year={1988} } @book{b52, , title={{A contrastive analysis of selected English and Arabic prepositions with pedagogical implications}} , author={{ RHamdallah } and { HannaTushyeh }} , year={1988} } @incollection{b53, , title={{Detecting errors in English article usage by non-native speakers}} , author={{ NHan } and { CMartin } and { Claudia }} , journal={{Natural language Engineering}} 12 1 , year={2006} } @book{b54, , title={{Introducing writing}} , author={{ JHarris }} , year={1993} , publisher={Penguin Books Ltd} , address={London} } @book{b55, , title={{English syntactic errors by Arabic speaking learners reviewed. Eric. Doc 423660 Full Text}} , author={{ NHashim }} , year={1996} } @book{b56, , title={{Mastering American English: A handbook-workbook of essentials}} , author={{ REHayden }} , year={1956} , address={Englewood Cliffs} } @incollection{b57, , title={{Feedback on feedback: Assessing learner receptivity to teacher response in L2 composing}} , author={{ JHedgcock } and { NLefkowitz }} , journal={{Journal of Second Language Writing}} 3 , year={1994} } @book{b58, , title={{A feature-based syntax of functional categories: The structure, acquisition, and specific impairment of functional systems}} , author={{ MHegarty }} , year={2005} , publisher={Mouton de Gruyter} , address={The Hague} } @incollection{b59, , title={{The treatment of error in written work}} , author={{ JMHendrickson }} , journal={{Modern Language Journal}} 64 , year={1980} } @book{b60, , title={{Logical Relations in Chinese and the Theory of Grammar}} , author={{ CT JHuang }} , year={1982} , publisher={PhD Dissertation) MIT} } @incollection{b61, , title={{System and variability in interlanguage syntax}} , author={{ THuebner }} , journal={{Language Learning}} 35 , year={1985} } @incollection{b62, , title={{System and variability in interlanguage syntax}} , author={{ THuebner }} , journal={{Language Learning}} 35 , year={1985} } @incollection{b63, , title={{An error analysis of L2 writing at higher secondary level in Multan}} , author={{ ZHussain } and { MHanif } and { SIAsif } and { ARehman }} , journal={{Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business}} 4 11 , year={2013} } @book{b64, , title={{Teaching expository writing}} , author={{ FWIrmscher }} , year={1979} , address={New York; Holt, Rinehart & Winston} } @book{b65, , author={{ CJames }} , title={{Contrastive Analysis}} Singapore , publisher={Longman Singapore Publishers} , year={1985} } @book{b66, , author={{ YKachru }} , title={{Hindi. Amsterdam: John Benjamins}} , year={2006} } @incollection{b67, , title={{An investigation into lexical, grammatical, and semantic errors in English compositions of college students in Taiwan}} , author={{ CCKao }} , journal={{Fu Hsing Kang Journal}} 67 , year={1999} } @incollection{b68, , title={{Long-term working memory in text production}} , author={{ RTKellogg }} , journal={{Memory & Cognition}} , year={2001} } @book{b69, , title={{Errors in English among Arabic speakers}} , author={{ NKharma } and { AHajjaj }} , year={1997} , publisher={Librairie du Liban} , address={Beirut} } @incollection{b70, , title={{Breaking down words to build meaning: Morphology, vocabulary, and reading comprehension in the urban classroom}} , author={{ MKieffer } and { NLesaux }} , journal={{The Reading Teacher}} 61 2 , year={2007} } @book{b71, , title={{Categorial reanalysis: the case of deverbal prepositions. Linguistics}} , author={{ BKortmann } and { EKönig }} , year={1992} 30 } @incollection{b72, , title={{Some thoughts on the contrastive analysis of features in second language acquisition}} , author={{ JMLannen }} , journal={{Second Language Research}} , editor={Scott, Foresman. Lardiere, D.} 25 , year={1989. 2009} , note={The writing process: A concise rhetoric} } @incollection{b73, , title={{How robust is in-class sustained silent reading: An SSR program for non-English majors}} , author={{ SYLee }} , journal={{Studies in English Language and Literature}} 15 , year={2005} } @book{b74, , title={{English language teachers and teacher education in Pakistan}} , author={{ AMahboob } and { MTalaat }} , editor={S. Dogancay-Aktuna & J. Hardman} , year={2008} , note={Global English language teacher education} } @book{b75, , title={{}} , author={{ DCWashington }} , publisher={TESOL Publications} } @incollection{b76, , title={{Preschool children's use of definite and indefinite articles}} , author={{ MMaratsos }} , journal={{Child Development}} 45 , year={1974} } @book{b77, , title={{The English article system: Acquisition, function and pedagogy. System, 25}} , author={{ PMaster }} , year={1987} } @book{b78, , title={{The effect of systematic instruction on learning the English article system}} , author={{ PMaster }} , editor={Odlin, D.} , year={1994} , publisher={Cambridge University Press} , address={Cambridge, U.K.} , note={Perspectives in Pedagogical Grammar} } @book{b79, , title={{Concise dictionary of linguistics}} , author={{ PMathews }} , year={1997} , publisher={Oxford University Press} , address={New York} } @book{b80, , title={{The Oxford companion to the English language}} , author={{ TMcarthur }} , year={1992} , publisher={Oxford University Press} , address={Oxford} } @incollection{b81, , title={{Writing and cognition: Implications of the cognitive architecture for learning to write and writing to learn}} , author={{ DMccutchen } and { PTeske } and { CBankston }} , booktitle={{Handbook of writing research}} , editor={ CBazerman } Hillsdale, NJ , publisher={Lawrence Erlbaum} , year={2008} } @book{b82, , title={{A writer teaches writing}} , author={{ DMurray }} , year={1985} , address={Boston; Houghton, Mifflin} } @book{b83, , title={{The teaching of thinking}} , author={{ RSNickerson } and { DNPerkins } and { EESmith }} , year={1985} , publisher={Lawrence Erlbaum Associates} , address={Hillsdale, NJ} } @book{b84, , title={{Language learners and their errors}} , author={{ JNorrish }} , year={1983} , publisher={The Macmillan Press} , address={London} } @book{b85, , title={{Second language teaching and learning}} , author={{ DNunan }} , year={1999} , publisher={Heinle & Heinle Publishers} , address={Boston} } @incollection{b86, , title={{The contrastive analysis hypothesis and spelling errors}} , author={{ JWOller } and { SMZiahosseiny }} , journal={{Language Learning}} 20 , year={1970} } @book{b87, , title={{Analysis of errors of prepositions of the learners' use of English in second language situation}} , author={{ ROnike }} , year={2007} } @incollection{b88, , title={{A new look at methodologies in the study of article acquisition for learners of ESL}} , author={{ BParrish }} , journal={{Language Learning}} 37 , year={1987} } @incollection{b89, , title={{Verb movement, universal grammar and the structure of IP}} , author={{ JYPollock }} , journal={{Linguistic Inquiry}} 20 , year={1989} } @book{b90, , title={{A linguistic analysis of the grammatical and lexical errors in the nominal group found in the written English of Syrian University Students}} , author={{ MARadwan }} , year={1988} , note={Unpublished PhD. Dissertation} } @book{b91, , title={{Dictionary of language teaching & applied Linguistics}} , author={{ JCRichards } and { RSchmidt }} , year={2002} , publisher={Longman} , address={London} } @incollection{b92, , title={{Second language acquisition: Error analysis}} , author={{ JCRichards }} , journal={{Annual Review of Applied Linguistics}} 1 , year={1980} } @book{b93, , title={{Dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics}} , author={{ J CRichards } and { JPlott } and { HPlatt }} , year={1996} , publisher={Longman} , address={London} } @book{b94, , title={{Second language grammar: learning and teaching}} , author={{ WERutherford }} , year={1987} , publisher={Longman} , address={London} } @incollection{b95, , title={{Imagining articles: What a and the can tell us about the emergence of DP}} , author={{ RJSchafer } and { JDe-Villiers }} , booktitle={{Proceedings of the 24th Annual Boston University Conference on Language Development}} the 24th Annual Boston University Conference on Language DevelopmentSomerville, MA , publisher={Cascadilla Press} , year={2000} } @book{b96, , title={{Approaches to discourse}} , author={{ DSchiffrin }} , year={1994} , publisher={Oxford University Press} , address={Oxford} } @book{b97, , title={{Urdu: An essential grammar}} , author={{ RLSchmidt }} , year={1999} , publisher={Routledge} , address={London} } @incollection{b98, , title={{Error analysis and English-language strategies of Arab students}} , author={{ MScott } and { GRTucker }} , journal={{Language learning}} 24 , year={1974} } @book{b99, , title={{The non Learning of English: Case study of an adult}} , author={{ RGShapira }} , editor={Hatch, E.M. & Marcussen, H.} , year={1978} } @book{b100, , title={{Rethinking education in Pakistan: Perceptions, practices, and possibilities}} , author={{ SSiddiqui }} , year={2007} , publisher={Paramount Publishing Press} , address={Lahore} } @book{b101, , title={{The use of prepositions among Malay adult ESL Learners}} , author={{ BSudhakaran }} , year={2008} , address={Malaysia} University Putra , note={Unpublished doctoral thesis} } @book{b102, , title={{A contrastive analysis of some syntactic features in English and Arabic. (Unpublished doctoral dissertation)}} , author={{ MThahir }} , year={1987} , address={Indiana} University of Indiana at Bloomington } @incollection{b103, , title={{The acquisition of English articles by first and second-language learners of English}} , author={{ MThomas }} , journal={{Applied Psycholinguistics}} 10 , year={1989} } @incollection{b104, , title={{Lexical and non-lexical prepositions in French}} , author={{ MTremblay }} , booktitle={{Configurations}} , editor={ DiSciullo A } Somerville, MA , publisher={Cascadilla} , year={1996} } @incollection{b105, , title={{Language modeling for determiner selection}} , author={{ JTurner } and { CEugen }} , booktitle={{NAACL-HLT companion volume}} , year={2007} } @book{b106, , author={{ HUra }} , title={{The Handbook of Contemporary Syntactic Theory}} , editor={ MBaltin CCollins } Malden, MA , publisher={Blackwell} , year={2001} } @book{b107, , title={{A treatise of English particles}} , author={{ WWalker }} , year={1655. 1970} , publisher={The Scholar Press Ltd} , address={Menston, England} } @book{b108, , title={{Warriner's English grammar and composition}} , author={{ JWarriner } and { FGriffith }} , year={1977} , publisher={Harcourt Brace Jovanovich} , address={New York} } @book{b109, , title={{Assessing writing}} , author={{ SCWeigle }} , year={2002} , publisher={Cambridge University Press} , address={New York} } @book{b110, , title={{Explorations in applied linguistics}} , author={{ HGWiddowson }} , year={1979} , publisher={Oxford University Press} , address={Oxford} } @book{b111, , title={{Investigating the utility of analytic scoring for the TOEFL academic speaking test}} , author={{ XXi } and { PMollaun }} , year={2006} , publisher={Educational Testing Service} , address={Princeton, NJ} } @book{b112, , title={{A webbased English proofing system for EFL users}} , author={{ YixingJianfeng } and { GWilliam } and { D }} , year={2008} , note={In proceeding of IJNCLP} } @incollection{b113, , title={{Challenging prototype descriptions: Perception of noun countability and indefinite vs. zero article use}} , author={{ KKYoon }} , journal={{International Review of Applied Linguistics}} 31 , year={1993} } @incollection{b114, , title={{Ten important words plus: A strategy for building word knowledge}} , author={{ RHYopp } and { HKYopp }} , journal={{The Reading Teacher}} 61 2 , year={2007} } @book{b115, , title={{Pragmatics}} , author={{ Yule } and { G }} , year={1996} , publisher={Oxford University Press} , address={Oxford} } @incollection{b116, , title={{}} , author={{ MRZoghoul }} , journal={{Teaching English prepositions. English Teaching Forum}} 17 , year={1979} }